Gempa bumi merupakan fenomena yang membawa impak besar kepada ekonomi
dan masyarakat. Malaysia terletak di zon seismik yang rendah ke sederhana, banyak
struktur direka mengikut BS 8110 tanpa mempertimbangkan bebanan seismik. Dalam
kajian ini, dua bangunan bertingkat rendah iaitu Pra Sekolah dan JKR Cawangan
Mekanikal direka semula untuk tahan gempa bumi dengan menggunakan perisian
komersil ETABS 2016. Matlamatnya adalah untuk mengenal pasti kos bahan pembinaan
meningkat disebabkan oleh beban seismik. Dua model bangunan bertingkat rendah
dibangunkan dan direka semula untuk mempertimbangkan beban seismik. Kaedah
spektrum tindak balas modal digunkan dalam kajian ini. Parameter bebanan seismik
termasuk keadaan tanah, faktor tingkah laku, kelas kemuluran dan pecutan tanah puncak
ditentukan mengikut Eurocode 8. Kuantiti bahan seperti jumlah konkrit dan berat
tetulang telah ditentukan dengan mengambil kira proses. Keputusan menunjukkan
bahawa jumlah konkrit dan keluli bertambah. Selain itu, kos bahan pembinaan meningkat
sebanyak 28.35% dan 26.19% untuk Pra Sekolah dan JKR Cawangan Mekanikal. Dalam
kajian ini, pelbagai jenis keadaan tanah (Jenis C and D) telah digunakan untuk menilai
keseluruhan kuantiti bahan. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa kuantiti bahan tidak
berubah banyak dengan kedua-dua jenis keadaan tanah tersebut.
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Earthquake is a natural phenomenon that has a greater impact towards the
economy and community. Malaysia is located on low to moderate seismic zone, thus
almost structures were designed according to BS8110 which does not consider the
seismic action. In this study, two existing low rise buildings, namely Pra Sekolah and
JKR Cawangan Mekanikal were redesigned for earthquake resistance with the aid of
ETABS 2016 commercial software. The aim is to identify the increase in the material
construction cost due to the seismic loading. Two low rise building models were
generated and redesigned in considering of the seismic loading. The seismic loading was
applied to the structure by using modal response spectrum method. The parameter of the
seismic load include soil condition, behaviour factor, ductility classes and peak ground
acceleration were determined according to Eurocode 8. The material quantities such as
concrete volume and weight of reinforcement were determined by taking off process.
The results showed that the concrete volume and steel reinforcement increased due to
seismic loading. Besides, the material costs increased by 28.35% and 26.19% for Pra
Sekolah and JKR Cawangan Mekanikal, respectively. In this study, two different types
of soil condition (Type C and D) were used to evaluate the overall material quantity. The
two different soil condition showed insignificant change in the material quantities.
Cost analysis of low rise buildings subjected to seismic and non seismic action / Teo Chia Chia