Industri cendawan di Malaysia dianggap kurang matang dan kecil dalam skala berbanding dengan negara lain. Daya pengeluaran petani kecil dan sederhana di negara ini adalah amat terhad. Ini disebabkan oleh jentera pengeluaran cendawan kurang maju dan kekurangan sumber kewangan untuk meningkatkan kecekapan jentera cendawan. Sistem Tanaman Cendawan berdasarkan Automasi (AMCS) yang dilengkapi dengan ciri-ciri yang lebih holistik dicadangi untuk menyelesaikan masalah industri cendawan ini. Sisa-sisa bandar seperti sisa kopi dan sisa daun teh dicadangkan untuk menjadi bahan substrat cendawan dan disepadukan dengan AMCS. AMCS juga mampu memantau dan mengawal suhu dan kelembapan persekitaran penanaman. Ciri-ciri yang termasuk dalam rekaan AMCS adalah pencampuran substrat, pengawalan kelembapan substrat, pengisian, pemadatan dan pembenihan. AMCS dikawal oleh NI Myrio-1900. Penderia utama yang digunakan dalam AMCS adalah penderia kelembapan YL-69, penderia fotoelektrik Keyence PS-56, dan penderia DHT-22 bagi suhu dan kelembapan. Penderia-penderia ini memberi maklum balas kepada mikropengawal Myrio dan kepada pengendali dalam bentuk paparan grafik. Algoritma kawalan dalam Myrio mengeluarkan isyarat kawalan bagi penggerak motor dan unsur-unsur kawalan seperti mesin kelembapan dan penghawa dingin. Keputusan eksperimen menunjukkan bahawa AMCS mampu menghasilkan 76 bongkah cendawan sejam secara puratanya dan mengekalkan suhu optimum dan keadaan kelembapan untuk penanaman cendawan. Sistem ini menunjukkan Myrio berupaya untuk melaksanakan tugasan automasi dalam bentuk operasi persamaan dan membolehkan mesin ini diprototaip dalam masa pendek.
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The mushroom industry in Malaysia is relatively immature and small in scale. The production capability of the country's small and medium scale farmers are greatly limited by the inadequate advance mushroom machinery and the lack of financial resources to upgrade the mushroom production machinery. The Automated Mushroom Cultivation System (AMCS) fitted with more holistic features is proposed to alleviate the bottleneck faced in the mushroom industry. The urban wastes, namely spent coffee ground and tea leaves are proposed to be the substrates material and they are integrated with the AMCS. A multi-function machine is designed to produce the artificial logs used in mushroom cultivation, and it is coupled with a regulating module which monitors and controls the temperature and humidity of the cultivation environment. The features designed in the AMCS are substrate mixing, conditioning, filling, compressing and seeding. The AMCS is controlled by the NI myRIO-1900. The main sensors used in the AMCS are YL-69 Hygrometer Sensor, photoelectric sensors by Keyence (PS-56 Through-beam sensor), and DHT-22 Temperature and Humidity Sensors. The sensors provide feedback to the myRIO controller and to the operator in the form of graphical display. A control algorithm in the myRIO is designed to provide control signal for the motor actuators and the controlling elements (Humidifier and Air Conditioner). Results show that the AMCS is capable of producing an average of 76 artificial logs (Bag cultivation) per hour and maintain an optimal temperature and humidity condition for the cultivation of mushrooms. The system demonstrated the utilization the ability of myRIO to perform tasks in true parallels manner and its ability to allow prototyping rapidly.
Upcycling coffee grounds & tea leaves with Automated Mushroom Cultivation System (AMCS) / Tan Chee Sheng