Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menentukan kebolehupayaan kanji ubi kayu sebagai bahan penggumpal utama dan penggumpal bantuan dalam kehadiran polimer komersial iaitu PoliAliminium Klorida (PAC) untuk menyingkirkan Permintaan Oksigen Kimia (COD), warna,
Ammonia Nitrogen (NH3-N) dan juga Pepejal Terampai (SS) daripada leachate semi-aerobik. Sampel diambil dari kawasan pelupusan sampah Pulau Burung. Cas permukaan (Zeta potensial) bagi ketiga-tiga jenama tepung ubi kayu industri iaitu Keluarga, Kapal ABC dan Nona telah dikaji dengan menggunakan Zetasizer Nano Series. Nilai cas permukaan tertinggi iaitu mempunyai penyingkiran bahan pencemar paling banyak adalah kanji-Keluarga (6.49mV) dan telah dipilih sebagai kanji terbaik berbanding kanji-Kapal ABC (-3.22mV) dan kanji-Nona (-2.22mV). Kajian telah dijalankan di dalam makmal dengan menggunakan alat Ujian Balang untuk menentukan dos dan pH optimum bagi kanji-Keluarga dan PAC.
Keputusan dianalisis dalam bentuk peratusan penyingkiran untuk setiap parameter yang dikaji. Keputusan menunjukkan keadaan optimum dos PAC adalah 7200mg/L (pada pH 7.5) memberikan penyingkaran 62% untuk COD, 87% warna, 37% NH3-N dan 94% SS. Manakala pada pengurangan 25% dalam penggunaan PAC dari nilai optimumnya bersama 2000mg/L kanji-Keluarga (pada pH 6) memberikan penyingkiran 62% COD, 99% warna, 49% NH3-N dan 99% SS. Dos dan pH optimum untuk kanji-Keluarga sebagai penggumpal utama ialah 3000mg/L dan 8.0. Ia didapati bahawa, penyingkiran COD, warna, NH3-N, dan juga SS dapat ditingkatkan dengan kehadiran kanji ubi kayu. Kesimpulannya, polimer semulajadi dapat membantu dalam proses penggumpalan dan pengikatan yang meningkatkan kualiti air kumbahan.
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This research aims at quantifying the potential of tapioca starchs as sole coagulant and coagulant aid in the presence of commercial polymer, Poly-Aluminum Chloride (PAC) to remove Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), colour, Ammonia Nitrogen (NH3-N) and Suspended Solid (SS) from semi-aerobic leachate. Leachate sample was collected from Pulau Burung Landfill Site (PBLS). The surface charge (Zeta Potential) of tapioca flour at three different commercial brands, namely as starch-Keluarga, starch-Kapal ABC and starch-Nona were investigated using Zetasizer Nano Series. The highest zeta potential correlated with greater pollutant removal efficiency posed by starch-Keluarga (-6.49mV) compared to starchKapal ABC (-3.22mV) and starch-Nona (-2.22mV) was choose in the subsequent experiment. Experiments were conducted in laboratory by using Jar Test apparatus to determine optimum dosage and pH for both starch-Keluarga and PAC. Results were analyzed in terms of removal percentage or efficiency for each constituent investigated. Results showed that at optimum condition, 7200mg/L PAC (at pH 7.5) gives 62% COD, 87% colour, 37% NH3-N and 94% SS removal. Whilst at a 25% reduction in the consumption of PAC from its optimal dosage with 2000mg/L starch-Keluarga (at pH 6) gives 62% COD, 99% colour, 49 % NH3-N and 99% SS removal. Optimum dosage and pH for starch-Keluarga as sole coagulant is 3000mg/L and 8.0. It was found that, the presence of tapioca starch improves the removal of COD, colour, NH3-N, and the concentration of SS. It is concluded that, these natural polymers helped in the coagulation and flocculation processes that increased the water quality of effluent.
The use of tapioca starch as coagulant and coagulant aid in leachate treatment_Rafiuddin Yeob Ramli_A9_2011_NI