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Solvent extraction of orange peel (citrus sinesis) and yeast-mediated biotransformation of extracted product

Solvent extraction of orange peel (citrus sinesis) and yeast-mediated biotransformation of extracted product / Tong Siew Hui
Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengekstrak minyak pati dari C.sinesis dikupas dari sisa dosmestik dengan menggunakan pengekstrakan Soxhlet teknik. Tiga jenis pelarut telah dikaji iaitu, etanol, heksana dan etil asetat dalam pengekstrakan minyak pati. Minyak yang diekstrak akan dianalisis dengan menggunakan Gas Kromatografi untuk mengsan komponen-komponen yang ada dalam minyak. Komponen utama yang dikesan di dalam C. sinesis adalah limonene dengan menggunakan pelarut etil asetat dan heksana masing-masing. Etanol mempunyai hasil minyak pati yang tertinggi tetapi ia tidak boleh untuk mengekstrakkan komponen bioaktif. Oleh itu, etil acetat telah dipilih sebagai pelarut yang sesuai untuk mengekstrak minyak pati dari segi aspek kesihatan dan alam sekitar dan keupayaan mengekstrak komponen bioaktif. Biotransformasi fasa cecair telah dijalankan dalam kultur kelalang goncang pada pH 6.5, 35 ℃ dan 150 r.p.m. selama 71 jam. Keputusan menunjukkan kepekatan awal substrat optimum adalah 3 g/L, di mana kadar pengurangan substrat adalah tertinggi pada 0.041 g/L.hr. Selain itu, kesan kepekatan yis yang berbeza dengan menggunakan sel tidak membiak juga dikaji. Keputusan menujukkan bahawa kepekatan sel yang lebih tinggi, bioconversi daripada limonene juga menurun. Akhir sekali, ekstrak biotransformasi menggunakan kultur sel keseluruhan dari S. cerevisiae juga dikaji. Ikatan kembar C=C limonene dapat dikurangkan dengan menggunakan reduktase enoate (ER) yang berada di ibu roti untuk bertukar kepada cis-1-methyl-4-isopropylcyclohexane. Tiada biotransformasi dalam sel tidak membiak. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ The aim of this study is to utilize the C. sinesis peel from dosmetic waste to extract essential oils using Soxhlet extraction. This research focused on the influence of various solvents; ethanol, hexane and ethyl acetate towards the extraction of essential oil. The extracted oil were analyzed using GC-MS to determine its chemical constituents. The major components detected in C. sinesis extract was limonene using ethyl acetate and hexane as solvents respectively. Ethanol has highest yield of essential oil but it was not able to extract bioactive compounds. As a result, ethyl acetate has been chosen as most suitable solvent for extraction in terms of health and environmental concern and the ability of extracting bioactive compounds. The liquid phase biotransformation was carried out in shake-flask culture at pH 6.5, 35 °C and 150 r.p.m. for 71 hours using growing cells. Result showed that the optimum initial substrate concentration was 3 g/L, where the rate of substrate reduction was highest at 0.041 g/L.hr. Besides, the effect of yeast concentration on liquid biotransformation was also investigated using non-growing cells. The result signified that at higher cell concentration, the bioconversion of limonene was reduced. Lastly, the biotransformation of extract using whole-cell culture of S. cerevisiae was also studied. The C=C double bond of limonene was reduced by enoate reductase (ER) and convert to form cis-1-methyl-4-isopropylcyclohexane by using growing cells. No biotransformation can be observed in non-growing cells.
Contributor(s):
Tong Siew Hui - Author
Primary Item Type:
Final Year Project
Identifiers:
Accession Number : 875006370
Barcode : 00003103799
Language:
English
Subject Keywords:
C. sinesis peel from dosmetic waste; extract essential oils; Soxhlet extraction
First presented to the public:
6/1/2016
Original Publication Date:
5/21/2018
Previously Published By:
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Place Of Publication:
School of Chemical Engineering
Citation:
Extents:
Number of Pages - 105
License Grantor / Date Granted:
  / ( View License )
Date Deposited
2018-05-21 12:49:14.494
Date Last Updated
2019-01-07 11:24:32.9118
Submitter:
Mohd Jasnizam Mohd Salleh

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Solvent extraction of orange peel (citrus sinesis) and yeast-mediated biotransformation of extracted product1 2018-05-21 12:49:14.494