Karbon teraktif ialah suatu bahan penjerap serba guna disebabkan oleh ciri-ciri penjerapannya yang baik. Ia dapat dihasilkan daripada pelbagai jenis bahan berkarbon. Kemungkinan dan potensi kulit nenas sebagai karbon teraktif telah dikaji melalui penyediaan karbon teraktif kulit nenas (KTKN) menggunakan pengaktifan fizi-kimia yang merangkumi penjerapan isi dengan natrium karbonat (Na2CO3) dan gasifikasi karbon dioksida (CO2) untuk penyingkiran pewarna remazol brilliant blue R (RBBR). Keadaan optimum diperolehi untuk penyediaan karbon teraktif ialah 773°C, 3.68 jam dan 1.8 masing-masing untuk suhu pengaktifan, masa pengaktifan dan NJI. Analisis infra merah pengubahan Fourier menunjukkan kehadiran pelbagai kumpulan fungsian seperti hidroksil, karbonil, dan alkil pada permukaan karbon teraktif ini. Manakala analisis mikroskop elektron imbasan mendedahkan bahawa karbon teraktif mempunyai liang meso tersedia dengan purata diameter liang 2.87 nm. Karbon teraktif mempunyai struktur-struktur liang yang heterogen. Kesan kepekatan awal, masa sentuh, suhu larutan, pH, garis sesuhu, kinetic dan termodinamik sistem penjerapan telah dikaji melalui ujian penjerapan sekelompok. Kepekatan awal pewarna dan masa sentuh yang meningkat, telah meningkatkan keupayaan penjerapan oleh karbon teraktif, manakala, peratus penyingkiran pewarna menurun dengan meningkatnya kepekatan awal larutan. Kadar penyingkiran pewarna tertinggi didapati pada pH 2. Penjerapan pewarna oleh karbon teraktif adalah terbaik dipadankan oleh model garis sesuhu Freundlich. Keupayaann penjerapan karbon teraktif yang disediakan menunjukkan keupayaan penjerapan dari 101.5 hingga 127.46 mg/g pada suhu 30°C. Penjerapan pewarna pada karbon teraktif juga adalah terbaik dihuraikan oleh model kinetik pseudo tertib pertama. Ia juga menunjukkan proses penjerapan dikawal oleh resapan filem mekanisme. Kelakuan termodinamik menunjukkan proses ini ialah proses endotermik. Proses penjerapan dikaji mendedahkan nilai tenaga pengaktifan ialah 31 kJ/mol.
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Activated carbon is a versatile adsorbent because of its good adsorption properties. It can be produced from a variety of carbonaceous material. The feasibility and potential of pineapple peel as activated carbon were investigated through preparation of pineapple peel activated carbon (PPAC) using physiochemical activation consisting of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) impregnation together with carbon dioxide (CO2) gasification for removal of remazol brilliant blue R (RBBR) dye. The experimental design results describe that activation temperature, activation time and Na2CO3 impregnation ratio (IR) were important factors influencing the adsorption performance of the PPAC for removal RBBR reactive dye. The optimum conditions obtained for preparing the PPAC were 773°C, 3.68 h and 1.8 for activation temperature, activation time and IR, respectively. FTIR analyses indicated the presence of various functional groups such as hydroxyl, carbonyl and alkyl on the PPAC surfaces of the activated carbons prepared. SEM analysis revealed that PPAC prepared was mesoporous in nature with relatively high mesopore surface area with average pore diameters of 2.87 nm. PPAC demonstrated homogeneous and heterogeneous type pore structures, respectively. The effect of initial concentration, contact time, solution temperature, pH, isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics of the adsorption systems were investigated through batch adsorption test. An increased in RBBR initial concentrations and contact time increased the adsorption uptakes of the PPAC tested while the percent removal decreased with increasing initial concentrations. The RBBR highest removal efficiency was at pH 2. Adsorptions of RBBR on PPAC were best fitted by the Freundlich isotherm. The PPAC shown adsorption capacities in range of 101.5–127.46 mg/g, for adsorption of RBBR at 30°C. Adsorption of RBBR on PPAC was best represented by the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. All the adsorption processes were mainly governed by the film-diffusion-controlled mechanism. Thermodynamic behaviors study revealed that adsorption of RBBR on PPAC was endothermic processes. Adsorption processes investigated shown 31 kJ/mol activation energy values.
Synthesis of pineapple peel based activated carbon for remazol brilliant blue r reactive dye removal_Nur Ayshah Rosli_K4_2011_875003832_NI