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Design and simulation of resonant tunneling diode (rtd) based high frequency monolithic microwave integrated circuit (mmic)

Design and simulation of resonant tunneling diode (rtd) based high frequency monolithic microwave integrated circuit (mmic) / Chia Ying Ying
Diod terowong resonan (RTD) dianggap sebagai peranti elektronik berasaskan semikonduktor terpantas sehingga sekarang. Mereka berpotensi untuk direalisasikan pada frekuensi terahertz (THz) yang beroperasi pada suhu bilik berdasarkan sifat uniknya terhadap rintangan negatif (NDR). Walaupun begitu, batasan utama pengayun berasaskan RTD sehingga kini adalah kuasa outputnya yang rendah disebabkan oleh ayunan bias parasit dan dimensi peranti yang kecil. Oleh itu, tesis ini telah membuktikan satu siri litar bersepadu gelombang mikro monolitik (MMIC) bagi pengayun berasaskan model RTD yang sesuai. Matlamat akhir kerja ini adalah untuk mewujudkan model RTD yang optimum untuk dilaksana ke dalam pengayun RTD litar bersepadu gelombang mikro monolitik (MMIC) yang berfrequensi tinggi. Model RTD dicipta dengan bahan yang berbeza berdasarkan hubungan arus dan voltan (I-V) dengan beberapa parameter DC penting seperti ketumpatan arus puncak (Ip), voltan puncak (Vp) dan nisbah arus antara puncak dengan lembah (PVCR). Peranti RTD terdiri daripada lapisan jurang jalur yang sempit yang diapit di daerah pemisah yang tipis (DBQW). Apabila peranti itu berada dalam kondisi bias maju, elektron dengan tenaga kinetik yang lebih rendah daripada DBQW itu boleh menembusi celah pemisah tersebut. Peranti itu akan mempamerkan karakteristik kerintangan negatif (NDR) yang wujud dalam hubungan I-V. Properti ini sangat penting dalam pelaksanaan litar kerana ia dapat mengawal voltan dalam keadaan logik yang berbeza dan bersamaan dengan arus puncak dan lembah. Oleh itu, pelbagai lengkungan hubungan I-V yang sesuai digunakan untuk peranti RTD telah dimodelkan supaya ia dapat dipasang dalam litar pengayun dengan tepat. Dalam projek ini, salah satu cabaran adalah untuk menangani batasan kuasa output pengayun RTD yang rendah. Oleh itu, dalam kerja ini, satu siri litar bersepadu gelombang mikro monolitik (MMIC) dengan diod terowong resonan (RTD) telah dibentangkan. Salah satu topologi litar pengayun ialah menggunakan dua peranti RTD secara selari. Manakala setiap peranti adalah dibias secara individu. Berbanding dengan pengayun RTD tunggal, dua RTD telah digabungkan pada tahap litar untuk memaksimumkan kuasa output. Kerja ini menunjukkan potensi pengayun RTD sebagai sumber terahertz (THz) untuk pelbagai aplikasi termasuk komunikasi tanpa wayar yang berkelajuan tinggi. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Resonant tunneling diodes (RTD) are considered as the fastest semiconductor-based electronic devices demonstrated to date. They are promising for realizing a terahertz (THz) sources operating at room temperature by virtue of its unique characteristic of negative differential resistance (NDR). However, the main limitation of RTD based oscillators up to now is their low output power due to parasitic bias oscillations and small device dimensions. Hence, this paper has demonstrated a series of monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) oscillators with the appropriate RTD models created. The final aim of this work was to create an optimized RTD model to be implemented into MMIC RTD oscillators. The RTD model was created using different material systems based on current-voltage (I-V) characteristic with some important DC parameters such as peak current density, Ip, peak voltage, Vp and peak-to-valley-current ratio (PVCR). The RTD device consists of a narrow bandgap layer (quantum well) sandwiched between two thin wide bandgap layers (barriers). When the RTD is biased, electrons with kinetic energy lower than the barriers may tunnel through the double barrier quantum well (DBQW) structure, and the device will exhibit a negative differential resistance (NDR) in I-V curve. This property is very essential in the circuit application because it can provide for the different voltage-controlled logic states corresponding to the peak and valley currents. So, a well-suited range of I-V curve was modelled for RTD device so that it can be fitted in oscillator circuit accurately. In this project, one of the challenges was to solve the limitations of low output power of RTD oscillators. Thus, in this work, a series of monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) RTD oscillators has been presented. One of the oscillator circuit topologies is by applying two RTD devices in parallel. While each device is biased separately. Compared with single RTD oscillators, double RTDs oscillator can maximize the output power. This work proves the promising potential of RTD device in MMIC oscillators as Terahertz (THz) sources for a variety of applications especially high-speed wireless communication.
Contributor(s):
Chia Ying Ying - Author
Primary Item Type:
Final Year Project
Identifiers:
Accession Number : 875007683
Language:
English
Subject Keywords:
Resonant tunneling diodes (RTD); semiconductor-based; terahertz (THz)
First presented to the public:
6/1/2018
Original Publication Date:
8/10/2018
Previously Published By:
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Place Of Publication:
School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering
Citation:
Extents:
Number of Pages - 85
License Grantor / Date Granted:
  / ( View License )
Date Deposited
2018-08-13 15:46:02.518
Date Last Updated
2019-01-07 11:24:32.9118
Submitter:
Mohd Jasnizam Mohd Salleh

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Design and simulation of resonant tunneling diode (rtd) based high frequency monolithic microwave integrated circuit (mmic)1 2018-08-13 15:46:02.518