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Disinfection by-products precursors removal by simultaneous coagulation and disinfection in river water

Disinfection by-products precursors removal by simultaneous coagulation and disinfection in river water / Nur Izzati Naserun
Air adalah komponen yang paling penting dalam evolusi dan kehidupan seharian. Kekurangan bekalan air bersih oleh kerana kehadiran bahan kimia bertoksik dan bakteria berbahaya boleh mendedahkan hidupan kepada penyakit bawaan air yang disebabkan oleh penggunaan air yang tercemar. Pembasmian kuman dalam air minuman mampu mengurangkan risiko penyakit patogenik namun boleh menyebabkan ancaman kimia kepada kesihatan manusia kerana pembentukan produk sampingan disinfeksi (DBPs) dengan kehadiran bahan organik semulajadi (NOM) dalam air. Kehadiran NOM telah menyebabkan banyak masalah dalam air minuman di mana ini boleh disingkirkan melalui beberapa pilihan rawatan seperti penggumpalan. Objektif utama kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji keupayaan penyingkiran punca DBPs apabila proses penggumpalan dan pembasmian kuman digabungkan. Kajian ini dibahagikan kepada dua bahagian; bahagian pertama melibatkan perbandingan keberkesanan antara dua penggumpal berasaskan ferik untuk proses penggumpalan manakala bahagian kedua melibatkan keberkesanan penyingkiran punca DBPs melalui proses penggumpalan serentak dengan pembasmian kuman. Beberapa parameter seperti tahap kekeruhan, UV254, warna dan karbon organik terlarut (DOC) telah diuji ke atas sampel mentah air sungai dan sampel air selepas dirawat untuk melihat kadar pengingkiran punca DBPs. Penggumpal yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah ferik klorida (FeCl3) dan ferik sulfat (Fe2(SO4)3) manakala klorin (Cl2) dan klorin dioksida (ClO2) telah digunakan sebagai disinfektan. Berdasarkan kajian, peratusan tertinggi penyingkiran tahap kekeruhan adalah 98.03% dengan FeCl3 pada 20 mg/L dan kondisi pH 6.0. Penyingkiran UV254 yang terbaik telah dicapai pada 20 mg/L FeCl3 dengan kondisi pH 6.0 (87.91% penyingkiran). Pengurangan warna optimum adalah 98.92% pada pH 5.0 dengan 10 mg/L FeCl3. FeCl3 telah terbukti sebagai penggumpal yang lebih baik berbanding dengan Fe2(SO4)3 dalam menyingkirkan punca DBPs. Menurut dapatan daripada bahagian kedua kajian ini, gabungan antara FeCl3 sebagai penggumpal dan Cl2 sebagai disinfektan menyebabkan penyingkiran tahap kekeruhan dan UV254 yang tertinggi masing-masing pada 97.11% dan 79%. Walau bagaimanapun, gabungan antara Fe2(SO4)3 dan Cl2 mempunyai penyingkiran DOC yang tertinggi iaitu sebanyak 25.5%. Gabungan antara FeCl3 dan Cl2 menyebabkan penyingkiran tahap kekeruhan dan UV254 yang tertinggi manakala gabungan antara Fe2(SO4)3 dan Cl2 mempunyai penyingkiran DOC yang tertinggi dari sampel air. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Water was the most important component in our evolution and daily lives. Depletion of clean water supply due to presence of toxic chemicals and harmful bacteria may expose living things to waterborne diseases caused from the consumption of contaminated water. Disinfection in drinking water had significantly reduces the risk of pathogenic diseases but may cause chemical threat to human health due to disinfection by-products (DBPs) formation in the presence of natural organic matter (NOM) in water. The presence of NOM had caused many problems in drinking water, which can be removed by several treatment options such as coagulation. The main objective of this research is to study the ability of DBPs precursors removal when combining coagulation and disinfection process. This study was divided into two parts; the first part involved the comparison between effectiveness of two ferric-based coagulants for coagulation process while the second part involved the efficiency of DBPs precursors removal by using simultaneous coagulation and disinfection. Selected water quality parameters such as turbidity, UV254, colour and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were tested for raw and treated water samples to observe the DBPs precursors removal. The coagulants used in this study were ferric chloride (FeCl3) and ferric sulphate (Fe2(SO4)3) while chlorine (Cl2) and chlorine dioxide (ClO2) were used as disinfectants. Based on the study, the highest percentage of turbidity removal was 98.03% with FeCl3 dosage at 20 mg/L and pH condition 6.0. Best UV254 removal was achieved at 20 mg/L FeCl3 dosage with pH condition 6.0 (87.91% removal). The optimum colour reduction was found to be 98.92% at pH 5.0 with FeCl3 dosage of 10 mg/L. FeCl3 was proven to be a better coagulant compared to Fe2(SO4)3 in removing DBPs precursors, when used alone. According to the result from the second part of this study, the combination between FeCl3 as coagulant and Cl2 as disinfectant had the highest turbidity and UV254 removal at 97.11% and 79% respectively. However, the combination between Fe2(SO4)3 and Cl2 had the highest DOC removal from the water sample at 25.5%. The combination between FeCl3 and Cl2 resulted in the highest turbidity and UV254 removal while the combination between Fe2(SO4)3 and Cl2 had the highest DOC removal from the water sample.
Contributor(s):
Nur Izzati Naserun - Author
Primary Item Type:
Final Year Project
Identifiers:
Accession Number : 875007620
Language:
English
Subject Keywords:
Water; important; daily lives
First presented to the public:
6/1/2018
Original Publication Date:
8/3/2018
Previously Published By:
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Place Of Publication:
School of Civil Engineering
Citation:
Extents:
Number of Pages - 130
License Grantor / Date Granted:
  / ( View License )
Date Deposited
2018-08-03 16:11:48.005
Date Last Updated
2020-05-21 22:13:23.414
Submitter:
Mohd Jasnizam Mohd Salleh

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Disinfection by-products precursors removal by simultaneous coagulation and disinfection in river water1 2018-08-03 16:11:48.005