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Development of a portable membrane-color-sensor for detection of heavy metal / Nur Atiah Azmi

Development of a portable membrane-color-sensor for detection of heavy metal_Nur Atiah Azmi _K4_2019_MYMY
Satu keperluan asas bagi penderia permeteran warna berasaskan membran adalah untuk membenarkan sasaran analit untuk mencapai kepada kromofor sementara mengekalkan imobilisasi kromofor yang kuat pada permukaan membran. Kajian ini membuktikan persepsi asas bagi morfologi membran dan pengaruh mereka terhadap pengikatan kromofor untuk mengesan logam berat terlarut. Membran kepingan rata terdiri daripada campuran polimer selulosa asetat (CA) dan kitosan (CS) bertindak sebagai pelantar penderiaan untuk pengikatan kromofor. Membran dengan 17 wt.% CA dan 1 wt.% CS menunjukkan mempunyai kapasiti pengikatan tinggi dan kestabilan pengikatan yang tinggi sehingga 90 hari pengukuran. Penambahan air ternyahion (DI) sebagai bahan tambah bukan-pelarut juga telah menunjukkan penambahbaikan liang-liang membran, yang menambahbaikan kepekaan penderia. Perubahan warna yang boleh dilihat oleh membran pemeteran warna dari biru-kehijauan kepada merah jambu telah diperhatikan apabila permeteran warna bersentuhan dengan ion Pb2+ dalam 1 ppm Pb(NO3)2. Pemilihan kromofor (Dithizon, 1-(2-pyridylazo) 2-naftol and 4-(2-pyridylazo)-resorsinol) yang sensitif dan strategi imobilisasi penderia membran juga telah dijalankan. Dithizon (DTz) pada pH yang tidak diselaraskan mampu menghasilkan satu peralihan warna yang jelas yang diperhatikan melalui spektrum penyerapan UV dan pengecaman mata kasar. Untuk imobilisasi yang optimum adalah memerlukan kepekatan DTz pada 100 ppm dan masa imobilisasi selama 10 minit. Untuk menilai kepekaan dan kememilihan penderia permeteran warna di dalam larutan ion logam berat terlarut tunggal dan campuran, keadaan penderiaan seperti pH, jenis ion logam berat (Pb2+, Hg2+, Zn2+ and Cu2+), kepekatan dan masa tindak balas telah diuji. Pembangunan penderia DTz-membran dalam kerja ini telah mempamerkan perubahan warna yang cepat (dalam masa 1 minit) dan mampu memaparkan perubahan warna tersendiri dari biru-kehijauan kepada merah jambu, kuning-keorenan merah-unggu dan coklat kemerahan dalam tindak balas terhadap kehadiran Pb2+, Hg2+, Zn2+ dan Cu2+ dalam larutan akueus. Analisis kuantitatif menggunakan data RGB (R:Merah; G:Hijau; B:Biru) telah menunjukkan bahawa setiap ion logam yang diuji menunjukkan fasa corak pengecaman RGB mereka sendiri tanpa kesan gangguan penting diantara ion logam. Ini menunjukkan potensi untuk aplikasi yang praktikal bagi pengesanan cepat di tapak sama ada ion logam berat tunggal atau campuran. Penderia membran DTz-CA/CS ini telah menunjukkan perubahan warna yang tersendiri dalam mengesan ion logam berat sintetik di dalam air yang diperoleh daripada Sungai Kerian. Ion logam berat sintetik ini telah disediakan pada had maksimum dibenarkan (0.1 ppm Pb2+, 2.0 ppm Zn2+ and 0.2 ppm Cu2+) untuk efluen perindustrian(Piawai A) oleh Jabatan Alam Sekitar Malaysia. Penderia membran ini telah berjaya digunakan untuk penentuan ion-ion logam berat bukan sahaja kepada penilaian kualiti air sungai tetapi juga termasuk analisis produk kosmetik (sampel gincu) dengan menunjukkan perubahan warna pada jejak ion logam berat yang rendah. _______________________________________________________________________ A basic requirement of colorimetric membrane-based sensors is to allow the target analyte to access to the chromophore while retaining a strong chromophore immobilization on the membrane surface. This study elucidates the fundamental perceptive of membrane morphologies and their influences on the binding of chromophores to detect aqueous heavy metals ions. Flat sheet membranes consist of mixed polymer cellulose acetate (CA) and chitosan (CS) was acts as the sensing platform for chromophore binding. Membrane with 17 wt.% CA and 1 wt.% CS showed to have the high binding capacity and high binding stability up to 90 days of measurement. The addition of deionized water (DI) as the non-solvent additive has also shown to improve the membrane porousness, which improved the sensor’s sensitivity. Visible color changes of the colorimetric membrane from blue-greenish to peachy-pink was observed when it was in contact with the Pb2+ ions in 1 ppm Pb(NO3)2. Selection of sensitive chromophore (Dithizone, 1-(2-pyridylazo) 2-naphthol and 4-(2-pyridylazo)-resorcinol) and its immobilization strategy on the membrane sensor has also been carried out. Dithizone (DTz) at unadjusted pH was capable to produce an obvious color transition observed through UV-visible absorption spectrum and naked eyes recognition. The optimum immobilization of DTz required the concentration of 100 ppm and 10 minutes immobilization time. To determine the sensitivity and selectivity of the developed colorimetric sensor in the single and mixed aqueous heavy metals ions solution, the sensing conditions such as pH, type of heavy metals (Pb2+, Hg2+, Zn2+ and Cu2+), concentration and response time were evaluated. The developed DTz-membrane sensor in this work has exhibited quick (within 1 minute) color change and was able to display distinctive color changes from blue-greenish to peachy-pink, yellowish-orange, red-violet and reddish-brown in the response to the presence of Pb2+, Hg2+, Zn2+ and Cu2+ in aqueous solutions. The quantitative analysis using RGB (R:Red; G:Green; B:Blue) data showed that each tested metal ions have demonstrated their own RGB’s recognition pattern phase without significant interfering effects among the heavy metal ions. This showed the potential for practical applications of on-site quick detection on either single or mixed heavy metal ions. The DTz-CA/CS membrane showed a distinctive color changed in the detection of synthetic heavy metals ions in the water that obtain from Kerian River. The synthetic heavy metals ions was prepared the at maximum permissible limit of 0.1 ppm Pb2+, 2.0 ppm Zn2+ and 0.2 ppm Cu2+ for industrial effluent (Standard A) by Malaysian Department of Environment. This membrane sensor was successfully applied for the determination of heavy metals ions not only limited to river water quality assessment but also included the cosmetic product analysis (lipstick samples) at the low trace level of heavy metals ions.
Contributor(s):
Nur Atiah Azmi - Author
Primary Item Type:
Thesis
Identifiers:
Accession Number : 875008838
Language:
English
Subject Keywords:
chromophore; porousness; immobilization
Sponsor - Description:
Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Kimia -
First presented to the public:
7/1/2019
Original Publication Date:
8/5/2020
Previously Published By:
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Place Of Publication:
School of Chemical Engineering
Citation:
Extents:
Number of Pages - 218
License Grantor / Date Granted:
  / ( View License )
Date Deposited
2020-08-05 12:34:17.826
Submitter:
Mohamed Yunus Yusof

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Development of a portable membrane-color-sensor for detection of heavy metal / Nur Atiah Azmi1 2020-08-05 12:34:17.826