Dalam kajian ini, sisa cerucuk kayu bakau yang kebiasaannya ditinggalkan sebagai sisa sektor pembinaan telah digunakan sebagai prekursor mentah untuk menyediakan karbon teraktif bagi penjerapan metilena biru yang kebiasaannya dijumpai di industri tekstil. Objektif utama kajian ini adalah untuk menyediakan karbon teraktif daripada sisa cerucuk kayu bakau melalui pengaktifan kimia dengan asid fosforik. Kesan pelbagai faktor terhadap hasil karbon teraktif dan kapasiti penjerapan pada pewarna metilena biru terutamanya faktor nisbah pengisitepuan asid fosforik ke pelopor dan suhu pengaktifan telah dikaji. Hasil tertinggi diperolehi bagi karbon teraktif yang disediakan bawah nisbah pengisitepuan 2 dan suhu pengaktifan 400 °C dengan peratusan 34.83 %. Nisbah pengisitepuan 2 dan suhu pengaktifan 600 °C merupakan keadaan penyediaan karbon teraktif yang optimum dengan kapasiti penjerapan biru metilena maksimum sebanyak 388.88 mg/g. Penjerapan metilena biru oleh karbon teraktif optimum yang disediakan adalah jenis penjerapan pelbagai lapis kerana ia didapati berpandanan dengan isotherma Freundlich atas nilai R2 0.9601. Dari perspektif lain, data eksperimen penjerapan metilena biru oleh karbon teraktif optimum didapati berpandanan dengan model Pseudo-second order dengan R2 0.9592. Luas permukaan BET, luas permukaan Langmuir dan isipadu keseluruhan karbon teraktif optimum masing–masing ialah 802.3744 m2/g, 1186.3197 m2/g dan 0.412336 cm3/g. Selepas pengaktifan dengan asid, kandungan karbon dalam karbon teraktif didapati meningkat daripada 59.91 ke 84.68 wt % atas pembebasan bahan meruap yang lebih banyak.
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In this research, mangrove pile leftovers which were mainly dumped as construction waste were used as the raw precursors to prepare activated carbon for methylene blue removal which could be found mainly in textile industries. The main objective of this research was to prepare activated carbons from mangrove pile leftovers via chemical activation using phosphoric acid. The effects of different factors such as impregnation ratio of phosphoric acid to precursor as well as activation temperature on the yield of activated carbon and the adsorption capacity on methylene blue were studied. Highest yield of activated carbon was obtained for preparation condition of IR of 2 and Ta of 400 °C, with yield of 34.83 %. An impregnation ratio of 2 and activation temperature of 600 °C were found to be the optimum condition for activated carbon preparation since maximum adsorption capacity of 388.88 mg/g was observed. The adsorption of methylene blue on the activated carbon prepared was found to be multilayer adsorption since it fit well to Freundlich isotherm with R2 of 0.9601. From perspective of kinetic study, the experimental data of adsorption of methylene blue on optimal activated carbon was fit well to Pseudo-second order model with R2 of 0.9592. BET surface area, Langmuir surface area and total pore volume of the optimally prepared activated carbon were 802.3744 m2/g, 1186.3197 m2/g and 0.412336 cm3/g respectively. After the activation process, the carbon content of activated carbon was found to be increased from 59.91 to 84.68 wt% since more volatile materials were released.
Removal of methylene blue in textile industry using activated carbon from mangrove pile leftover via chemical activation / Kok Joe Ye