Selain mengalami gempa bumi tempatan, gegaran dari negara-negara jiran yang seismic aktif juga dirasai di Semenanjung Malaysia. Bangunan-bangunan dikenakan gempa bumi tempatan dan jauh berpotensi menghadapi kerosakan berlainan akibat daripada keadaan tapak tempatan. Disertasi ini membentangkan kesan ampifikasi tanah dengan sedimen berbezakan kelas dan tindak balas struktur bangunan berlainan ketinggian semasa dikenakan pergerakan dekat dan jauh. Profil tanah Kelas C dan E yang diperolehi daripada ukuran lapangan digunakan untuk menganggar pergerakan permukaan tanah berdasarkan tujuh pergerakan dasar dekat dan tujuh pergerakan dasar jauh yang direkodkan di berlainan stesen seismik di Semenanjung Malaysia semasa kejadian gempa bumi. Tindak balas struktur bangunan konkrit bertetulang merintangi momen yang berlainan ketinggian di tapak Kelas C dan E dikenakan pergerakan dekat dan jauh telah dianalisis dengan menggunakan perisian ETABS. Dapatan menunjukkan pergerakan dasar dekat mempunyai kandungan tempoh pendek sementara pergerakan dasar jauh mempunyai kandungan tempoh panjang. Pecutan maksima dan factor amplifikasi bagi tapak Kelas C dan E yang dikenakan pergerakan jauh adalah lebih tinggi daripada gerakan dekat. Daripada spektrum sambutan yang dibangunkan, pecutan spektrum maksimum yang dibangunkan daripada kedua-dua pergerakan dekat dan jauh di tapak Kelas C lebih tinggi daripada yang di tapak Kelas E. Dapatan tindak balas bangunan dalam reaksi asas, pesongan dan hanyutan antara tingkat menunjukkan bahawa bangunan tiga tingkat dikenakan gerakan dekat memberi tindak balas yang lebih besar sedangkan bangunan lapan dan 15 tingkat di tapak Kelas C dan E dikenakan pergerakan jauh memberi tindak balas yang lebih tinggi. Pada umumnya, Malaysia National Annex memberikan anggaran tindak balas yang lebih tinggi daripada kebanyakan bangunan di tapak Kelas C dan E yang dikenakan pergerakan dekat dan jauh.
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Despite experienced earthquakes from local origin, tremors from neighbouring active seismic countries are felt in Peninsular Malaysia. The buildings subjected to local and distant earthquakes are posed with different damage potentials due to local site condition. This dissertation presents the effect of soil amplification for sediments with different soil classes and the structural responses of buildings with different heights subjected to near-field and far-field ground motions. Class C and E soil profiles determined from field measurement were considered to estimate the ground surface motions based on seven near-field and seven far-field bedrock motions recorded at different seismic stations in Peninsular Malaysia during various earthquake events. Structural responses of reinforced concrete moment-resisting frame buildings with varying heights on Class C and E sites subjected to near-field and far-field ground motions were analyzed using ETABS software. The results show that near-field bedrock motions have short period contents while far-field bedrock motions have long period contents. The calculated soil amplification factors show that the maximum acceleration and amplification factor for Class C and E sites subjected to far-field ground motions are higher than that subjected to near-field ground motions. From the developed acceleration response spectra, maximum spectral acceleration developed from both near-field and far-field ground motions on Class C site is higher than that on Class E site. The results with structural response of base reaction, storey deflection and inter-storey drift of buildings show that three-storey building that subjected to near-field ground motions give larger responses, whereas eight and 15-storey buildings on Class C and E sites that subjected to far-field ground motion result in higher responses. Generally, Malaysia National Annex gives higher prediction on the response of most of the buildings on Class C and E sites that subjected to both near-field and far-field ground motions.