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Development of natural-pozzolan based alkali activated concrete incorporating nano-silica / Mohammed Ibrahim

Development of natural-pozzolan based alkali activated concrete incorporating nano-silica_ Mohammed Ibrahim_A9_2020_MYMY
Tujuan utama penyelidikan ini adalah untuk membangunkan konkrit teraktif alkali (AAC) berasaskan pozzolan semulajadi (NP). NP telah diperolehi dari wilayah barat Saudi Arabia. Pengaruh parameter rekabentuk campuran terhadap sifat-sifat AAC berasaskan NP belum lagi dikaji secara mendalam terutama dari perspektif ketahanlasakan konkrit sedemikian di dalam keadaan pendedahan yang agresif. Bagi membolehkan pengawetan pada suhu bilik, namun memiliki sifat-sifat yang diingini, nSiO2 telah dimasukkan ke dalam campuran pengikat, mortar dan konkrit. Morfologi, mineralogi dan mekanisme pempolomeran pengikat yang dibangunkan telah dikaji secara mendalam. Ciri-ciri segar dan terkeras AAC terubahsuai nSiO2 telah diselidiki termasuk struktur liang. Ketahanlasakan AAC apabila didedahkan kepada persekitaran sarat klorida, asid dan sulfat telah juga dikaji. Keputusan kajian menunjukkan bahawa sifat-sifat unggul pengikat teraktif alkali (AAB) berasaskan NP telah diperolehi apabila 400 kg/m3 bahan prekursor diaktifkan dengan kombinasi sodium silikat (SS) dan sodium hidroksida (SH) pada nisbah SS/SH 2.5 dengan larutan SH 14M dan diawet selama 7 hari pada 60°C. Penambahan nSiO2 kepada campuran meningkatkan kekuatan, morfologi dan mineralogi AAB berasaskan NP apabila diawet pada 60°C dan juga pada suhu bilik. Jumlah isipadu liang bagi konkrit terubahsuai nSiO2 selepas diawet pada suhu bilik selama 28 hari adalah dalam julat 18.35% hingga 7.5%, tertinggi dalam campuran kawalan dan terendah di dalam campuran AAC dengan 5% dan 7.5% nSiO2 disebabkan peningkatan polikondensasi produk-produk penghidratan. Pengikat terdiri daripada C-A-S-H dengan Na di dalam struktur dengan penyerapan Ca dan Al yang lebih besar dalam kes campuran yang mengandungi 5% dan 7.5% nSiO2. Ekoran daripada peningkatan morfologi dan mineralogi AAB terubahsuai nSiO2, ketahanlasakan telah meningkat. Pekali penghijrahan klorida adalah masing-masing 12.82, 12.63, 10.52, 7.83 dan 6.22 m2/s (x10-12), manakala kesusutan berat gravimetrik tetulang yang tertanam di dalam konkrit adalah masing-masing 1.608, 0.992, 0.793, 0.670 and 0.681% untuk AAC yang diubahsuai dengan 0, 1, 2.5, 5 dan 7.5% nSiO2. Rintangan AAC dengan 5% dan 7.5% nSiO2 yang didedahkan kepada 5% H2SO4 dan juga larutan-larutan sulfat meningkat dengan ketara berbanding dengan tahap penggantian yang lain. Berdasarkan penemuan-penemuan ini, dapat disimpulkan bahawa NP boleh digunakan untuk menghasilkan AAC yang praktikal untuk aplikasi struktur. Penambahan nSiO2 di dalam campuran membolehkan ia diawet pada suhu bilik. Di samping itu, prestasi AAC yang dihasilkan adalah standing dengan atau lebih baik daripada konkrit berasaskan OPC di dalam semua aspek yang dikaji di dalam penyelidikan ini. Oleh itu, penggunaan AAC yang dibangunkan, terutamanya yang diawet pada suhu bilik akan menyumbang kepada banyak kelebihan termasuk persekitaran, ekonomi dan teknikal. _______________________________________________________________________ The primary aim of this research was to develop a natural pozzolan (NP)-based alkali activated concrete (AAC). NP was acquired from the Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia. The influence of mix design variables on the properties of NP-based AAC were not been investigated earlier including durability of such a concrete when exposed to aggressive environmental conditions. In order to enable its curing at room temperature conditions and attain desirable properties, nanosilica (nSiO2) was incorporated. The morphology, mineralogy and polymerization mechanism of the developed binder were studied in detail. The fresh and hardened characteristics of nSiO2 modified AAC were investigated including its pore structure. The durability of the AAC when exposed to chloride laden environment, acid and sulfates was also evaluated. The results reveal that the superior properties of NP-based alkali activated binder (AAB) were obtained when 400 kg/m3 of precursor material was activated with a combination of sodium silicate (SS) and sodium hydroxide (SH) at a SS/SH ratio of 2.5 having 14M SH solution cured for 7 days at 60 °C. The addition of nSiO2 in the mixture enhanced the strength, morphology and mineralogy of the NP-based AAB when cured at 60 °C as well as room temperature conditions. The nature of the binder was composed of C-A-S-H with Na in the structure with greater absorption of Ca and Al in the case of mixes containing 5% and 7.5% nSiO2. The total pore volume of nSiO2 modified concrete after 28 days of room temperature curing was in the range of 18.35% to 11.23%, the highest in the control mix and the lowest in the AAC mixture prepared with 5% and 7.5% nSiO2 due to enhanced polycondensation of hydration products. As a result of the improved morphology and mineralogy of the AAB modified with nSiO2, durability was remarkably enhanced. The chloride migration coefficient was 12.82, 12.63, 10.52, 7.83 and 6.22 m2/s (x10-12) and the gravimetric weight loss of the reinforcement embedded in the concrete was 1.608, 0.992, 0.793, 0.670 and 0.681% in the AAC modified with 0, 1, 2.5, 5 and 7.5% nSiO2, respectively. The resistance of AAC prepared with 5% and 7.5% nSiO2 exposed to 5% H2SO4 and sulfate solutions was significantly improved than the other replacement levels. Based on the outcomes, it can be concluded that the NP can be utilized to produce structurally viable AAC for practical applications. The inclusion of nSiO2 in the mixture enabled it to be cured at room temperature conditions. Moreover, the performance of the AAC was either comparable to or better than the OPC-based concrete in all aspects studied in this research. Therefore, the use of the developed AAC particularly that cured at room temperature will lead to the benefits including environmental, economic and technical.
Contributor(s):
Mohammed Ibrahim - Author
Primary Item Type:
Thesis
Identifiers:
Accession Number : 875008833
Language:
English
Subject Keywords:
morphology; polymerization; hydroxide
Sponsor - Description:
Pusat pengajian Kejuruteraan Awam -
First presented to the public:
1/1/2020
Original Publication Date:
7/27/2020
Previously Published By:
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Place Of Publication:
School of Civil Engineering
Citation:
Extents:
Number of Pages - 376
License Grantor / Date Granted:
  / ( View License )
Date Deposited
2020-07-27 15:33:10.543
Submitter:
Mohamed Yunus Yusof

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Development of natural-pozzolan based alkali activated concrete incorporating nano-silica / Mohammed Ibrahim1 2020-07-27 15:33:10.543