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Analytical and experimental study of an electromagnatic generator

Analytical and experimental study of an electromagnatic generator / Mastura SK Abd Aziz
Objektif projek ini adalah untuk membuat penyelidikan dan pembangunan penjana elektromagnetik yang direka untuk penuaian tenaga dari sumber getaran yang wujud di alam sekeliling kita ke dalam bentuk tenaga elektrik. Penuaian tenaga getaran dari sumber alam merupakan jalan alternatif kepada bateri dan sangat manarik untuk dijadikan kajian lanjutan dalam menghidupkan peranti elektronik. Kajian tentang penjana elektromagnet melalui analisis unsur terhingga (FEA) telah dibentangkan dalam projek ini yang melibatkan kajian tentang kelakuan magnet. Model unsur terhingga direka dan dianalisis melalui perisian OPERA. Analisis dijalankan untuk menyiasat kelakuan magnet seperti garisan fluks dan ketumpatan fluks magnet. Prinsip kerja penjana elektromagnet melalui pencirian teori, model 2D yang menggunakan perisian OPERA dan juga eksperimen dengan menggunakan penjana elektromagnet model bersumberkan getaran dari alat getaran (shaker). Perisian OPERA 2D membentangkan analisis bagi magnet Neodimium iron boron, (NdFeB), Samarium Cobalt (SmCo) and Ceramic. Ketumpatan fluks magnet dan taburan medan diperolehi daripada analisa ini juga merupakan kerangka utama bagi reka bentuk penjana elektromagnet. Dalam projek ini, struktur asas penjana elektromagnet terbina dari dua NdFeB magnet kekal dengan polariti yang berbeza pada hujung salah satu daripada julur tetap untuk menghasilkan ayunan semasa getaran dibekalkan. Permalloy ditambah untuk menganalisis kesannya terhadap ketumpatan fluks. Eksperimen menggunakan shaker sebagai penjana getaran untuk membekalkan getaran mekanikal kepada sampel, osiloskop untuk menunjukkan hasil voltan dan kekerapan terhasil, dan pecutan untuk menyediakan data pada amplitud getaran yang dikenakan kepada sampel. Kemudian, arus akan diukur untuk mengira kuasa yang telah dijanakan. Tiga prototaip yang terdiri daripada dua jenis tapak (kayu dan keluli tahan karat) telah direka dengan menggunakan julur aluminium dan keluli tahan karat sebagai sumber untuk getaran. Secara teori, frekuensi salunan yang dikira untuk julur aluminium adalah di 15.22Hz dan 39.66Hz adalah untuk julur keluli tahan karat. Sementara itu, kuasa keluaran yang tertinggi ialah 2.463mW boleh didapati pada model keluli tahan karat (N=600) dengan menggunakan julur keluli tahan karat manakala kuasa keluaran terendah ialah 0.04mW boleh didapati pada model kayu (N=400) dengan menggunakan julur aluminium. Sebagai kesimpulan, prestasi penjana dapat ditingkatkan dengan menambah bilangan lilitan gegelung, menambah bahan kebolehtelapan yang tinggi dan menggunakan julur berketumpatan tinggi. ­­­­­­­­­­­­_______________________________________________________________________________________________________ The objective of this project is to understand the research and development (R&D) of an electromagnetic micro generator which designed to harvest energy from the vibrations present in the application of environment into electrical energy. Vibration energy harvesting from ambient sources is an attractive alternative to batteries and is receiving a considerable amount of interest to power up an electronic devices. A study of electromagnetic generator via Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is presented in this project which involves the investigation of magnetic behaviour. Finite element models are developed and further analysed via OPERA Vector field software. Analyses are conducted prior to investigate the magnetic behaviour such as the flux lines and the magnetic flux density. Working principles of the electromagnetic generator is through theoretical characterization, 2D models using OPERA vector field software and also experimental with the electromagnetic generator prototype using shaker as a vibration source. OPERA 2D software presents the analysis only for the three types of magnets which are Neodymium Iron Boron (NdFeB), Samarium Cobalt (SmCo) and Ceramic magnet. The magnetic flux density and field distribution were obtained from these analyses which are also the mainframe to the designation of an electromagnetic generator. In the case of my project, the basic electromagnetic generator structure was formed by two permanent magnets NdFeB with different polarities at the one end of a fixed cantilever to provide an oscillation during vibration. Permalloy is added to analyse its effect towards the flux density. Experimental part using shaker as a vibration generator to supply mechanical vibration to the sample under test, an oscilloscope to show the voltage and frequency produce, and an accelerometer to provide data on the amplitude of vibration applied to the sample. Later, the current will be measured in order to calculate the power generated. Three prototypes with two types of bases (wooden and stainless steel) have been made using aluminium and stainless steel cantilever as a source for vibration. Theoretically, the calculated resonance frequency for the aluminium cantilever is at 15.22Hz and 39.66Hz is for the stainless steel cantilever. Meanwhile the highest output power is at 2.463mW using stainless steel base (N=600) with stainless steel cantilever and the lowest output power is at 0.04mW using wooden base (N=400) with aluminium cantilever. In conclusion, generator performance can be improved by increasing the number of coil turns, adding the high permeability material and use a high density cantilever.
Contributor(s):
Mastura SK Abd Aziz - Author
Primary Item Type:
Final Year Project
Identifiers:
Barcode : 00003096355
Accession Number : 875004734
Language:
English
Subject Keywords:
micro generator; . Finite element; shaker
First presented to the public:
6/1/2012
Original Publication Date:
3/14/2018
Previously Published By:
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Place Of Publication:
School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering
Citation:
Extents:
Number of Pages - 128
License Grantor / Date Granted:
  / ( View License )
Date Deposited
2018-03-14 15:33:30.491
Date Last Updated
2019-01-07 11:24:32.9118
Submitter:
Mohd Jasnizam Mohd Salleh

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Analytical and experimental study of an electromagnatic generator1 2018-03-14 15:33:30.491