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Membrane distillation with antifouling properties for aquaculture effluent treatment

Membrane distillation with antifouling properties for aquaculture effluent treatment / Nurin Dianah D.M. Premnajeeb
Industri akuakultur adalah salah satu sektor pertanian yang sedang berkembang pesat di dunia. Membran penyulingan adalah suatu teknologi penyahgaraman air laut yang semakin berkembang. Membran penyulingan adalah proses pemisahan yang didorong oleh haba, di mana hanya molekul wap dapat melepasi liang membran hidrofobik. Salah satu sebab utama pembatasan industrialisasi membran penyulingan untuk aplikasi akuakultur adalah kekurangan membran yang boleh memperlihatkan fluks permeasi dan penolakan garam dalam janka masa yang panjang. Didalam proses pemisahan ini, pengaruh tekanan wap dan halaju aliran telah diterokai. Peningkatan suhu aliran dari 65 ⁰C sehingga 85⁰C menunjukkan pengaruh yang kuat terhadap fluks distil dan juga penolakan nutrien. Kadar fluks purata tertinggi yang dicapai menggunakan efluen ladang ikan yang tidak ditapis adalah pada suhu 85⁰C dengan nilai 16.243 L/m2.h. Selain itu, proses ini lebih berkesan pada halaju aliran yang tinggi iaitu dalam lingkungan 6 GPH hingga 14 GPH dan ia mengakibatkan fluks sulingan dan penolakan nutrien yang lebih tinggi. Dalam eksperimen ini, fluks purata tertinggi bagi efluen ladang ikan yang tidak ditapis diperolehi dengan nilai 12.723 L/m2.h pada 14 GPH. Tren yang sama diperhatikan apabila kedua-dua eksperimen dijalankan dengan larutan air sulingan. Membran kemudiannya dicirikan menggunakan mikroskop elektron pengimbasan untuk menilai selanjutnya pengubahan dan pembentukan liang membran. Selepas 60 minit, jumlah liang di permukaan membran making berkurangan. Akhir sekali, kesan pelbagai jenis larutan pada kadar fluks purata juga dikaji. Fluks tertinggi diperolehi dengan larutan air sulingan, diikuti dengan efluen ladang ikan yang ditapis, efluen ladang ikan yang tidak ditapis dan air garam dengan nilai 15.289, 14.244, 12.590 dan 10.683 L/m2.h. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ The aquaculture industry is one of the fastest growing agriculture sectors globally. However, its effluent to the environment brings huge impacts to the ecosystem. Membrane Distillation (MD) which is able to purify the effluent offer a promising technology for handling such pollution issues. MD is a thermally-driven separation process, in which only vapor molecules are able to pass through a porous hydrophobic membrane. One of the main limitations of MD for aquaculture application is its susceptible to membrane fouling. In this separation process, the influence of vapor pressure and flow velocity were investigated in the system using treated and untreated fish farm effluent. The increase in feed temperature from 65 ⁰C to 85 ⁰C showed a strong influence on the permeation flux and rejection of nutrients. The highest average flux rate achieved using unfiltered fish farm effluent was at a temperature of 85⁰C with a value of 16.24 L/m2.h. Moreover, the MD process working at a higher feed flow velocity within the range of 6 GPH to 14 GPH also resulted in a higher distilled flux and rejection of nutrients. In this experiment, the highest average flux for unfiltered fish farm was obtained with a value of 12.72 L/m2.h at 14 GPH. The same trend was observed when both experiments was run with distilled water. The membrane was then characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to further evaluate the fouling and scaling on the membrane surface. After the 60 minutes run, the number of pores on the membrane surface has been reduced. Fouling and scaling leads to blocking of the membrane pores, which reduces the effective membrane area, and therefore the permeate flux obviously decreases. The highest flux was obtained with a feed solution of distilled water, followed by filtered fish farm effluent, unfiltered fish farm effluent and salt water with the values of 15.29, 14.24, 12.59 and 10.68 L/m2.h respectively. This indicated that osmotic pressure is the dominating factor for flux reduction instead of the cake layer fouling.
Contributor(s):
Nurin Dianah D.M. Premnajeeb - Author
Primary Item Type:
Final Year Project
Identifiers:
Accession Number : 875008148
Language:
English
Subject Keywords:
aquaculture; ecosystem; (MD)
First presented to the public:
6/1/2019
Original Publication Date:
6/28/2019
Previously Published By:
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Place Of Publication:
School of Chemical Engineering
Citation:
Extents:
Number of Pages - 83
License Grantor / Date Granted:
  / ( View License )
Date Deposited
2019-07-01 11:22:03.848
Submitter:
Mohd Jasnizam Mohd Salleh

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