Organik-inorganik komposit membran telah disintesis melalui teknik “phase inversion”, dengan zarah bersaiz nano seperti zinc oksida (ZnO), kalsium karbonat (CaCO3) atau titanium oksida (TiO2) seragam tersebar dalam polyacrylonitrile (PAN) cecair. Kesan nanopartikel dan jenis nanopartikel telah dikaji melalui proses ultrafiltration untuk tempoh 360 minit: 30 minit mampatan, 100 minit pertama untuk fluks air tulen, 100 minit kedua untuk fluks air sisa berminyak, 30 minit pembersihan membran dan 100 minit terakhir untuk fluks air tulen. Data fluks direkodkan dan dianalisis dari segi nisbah fluks pemulihan, kadar penolakan minyak dan penilaian rintangan fouling. Pencirian membran seperti sudut kenalan, SEM, FTIR dan Porolux telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji hidrofilik, permukaan morfologi, permukaan kimia dan taburan saiz liang membran masing-masing. Berbanding dengan membran PAN tulen, membran diubahsuai menunjukkan penyerapan air yang lebih tinggi dan sifat-sifat antifouling yang lebih baik. Selain itu, titanium oksida (TiO2) telah dipilih sebagai bahan tambahan terbaik dengan fluks air tulen yang tertinggi pada 225.51 L/m2.h, FRR sebanyak 78.22% dan kadar penolakan minyak sebanyak 98.96%. Kajian telah mendapati bahawa peningkatan hidrofilik dan pengurangan saiz liang mengakibatkan kenaikan ketara fluks air tulen dan kadar penolakan minyak yang hampir sempurna.
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Organic-inorganic composite membranes were synthesized through phase inversion technique with nano-sized particles such as zinc oxide (ZnO), calcium carbonate (CaCO3) or titanium oxide (TiO2) uniformly dispersed in the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) solution. The effect of nanoparticles and type of nanoparticles were investigated through ultrafiltration process for duration of 360 minutes: 30 minutes of compression, first 100 minutes for pure water flux, second 100 minutes for oily wastewater flux, 30 minutes of membrane cleaning and last 100 minutes for pure water flux. Flux data was recorded and analyzed in terms of flux recovery ratio (FRR), oil rejection rate and fouling resistance evaluation. Characterization of membranes such as contact angle, SEM, FTIR and Porolux were carried out to examine hydrophilicity, surface morphology, surface chemistry and pore size distribution of membranes respectively. Compared with pure PAN membrane, modified membrane showed higher water permeation and better antifouling properties. Besides, titanium oxide (TiO2) was selected as best additive with the highest pure water flux of 225.51 L/m2.h, a maximum FRR of 78.22% and oil rejection rate of 98.96%. It was found that increasing hydrophilicity and reduction in mean pore size resulted in significant increment of pure water flux and nearly perfect oil rejection rate.
Studies of antifouling properties on ultrafiltration membrane for oily wastewater / Chong Mei Yan