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Study on the characterization of food waste as a feedstock for anaerobic digestion

Study on the characterization of food waste as a feedstock for anaerobic digestion / Nur Athirah Azman
Proses pencernaan anaerobik adalah salah satu penyelesaian yang terbaik yang boleh digunakan untuk mengurangkan kemerosotan kualiti alam sekitar kita yang berpunca daripada kenaikan jumlah pembuangan sisa makanan. Walau bagaimanapun, beberapa cabaran mungkin berlaku jika kaedah ini digunakan. Cabaran adalah ketidakstabilan proses dan pengumpulan asid lemak yang tidak menentu. Oleh itu, ciri-ciri sisa makanan perlu diuji untuk mengawal semua parameter supaya berada dalam jumlah optimum. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengelaskan sisa makanan ke dalam kumpulan nutrien, untuk mengenalpasti sifat-sifat fizikal dan kimia sisa makanan, menjalankan pra-rawatan ultrasonik, dan untuk menilai potensi sisa buangan makanan sebagai bahan mentah untuk pengeluaran biogas. Metodologi kajian ini dimulakan dengan pengumpulan sampel dan proses pengasingan sampel. Kemudian, selepas mencampurkan dan pengisaran proses dilakukan, ciri-ciri ini sisa makanan telah diuji sebelum rawatan ultrasonic dijalankan. Akhir sekali, proses pencernaan anaerobik dijalankan selama satu bulan. Data pengeluaran biogas dari alat gas kromatografi dan kaedah anjakan air juga dianalisa. Hasil daripada pengumpulan sampel, karbohidrat (48%) menunjukkkan peratus yang tertinggi berbanding dengan fiber dan protein, sementara peratus yang terendah adalah protein (27%). Selain itu, berdasarkan ciri-ciri fizikal, jumlah kandungan lembapan adalah 68.40% dan jumlah pepejal tidak menentu adalah 83.65%, manakala berdasarkan ciri-ciri kimia, nilai pH yang diperolehi adalah 4.39, keperluan oksigen kimia adalah 208, 000 mg/L, Kjedahl jumlah nitrogen adalah 6.13 mg/g dan jumlah fosforus adalah 1.4 mg/l. Kandungan mikronutrien tertinggi dalam sisa makanan ini adalah kalsium (290-369 mg/L) manakala yang terendah adalah mangan (0.29-0.32 mg/L). Pengeluaran biogas daripada sampel sisa makanan yang dirawat selama 30 minit adalah kira 479.48 mL. Ini menunjukkan bahawa proses pra rawatan ultrasonik adalah berkesan untuk meningkatkan pengeluaran biogas. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Anaerobic digestion process is one of the best solutions that can be used to reduce the degradation quality of our environment which is caused by the rising amount of food waste generation. However, few challenges might occur if this method is applied. The challenges are volatile fatty acid accumulation and process instability. Therefore, the characterization of food waste should be tested to control all of the parameters within the optimum amount. The objectives of this study are as follows, to classify food waste into its nutrient group, to characterize the physical and chemical properties of food waste, to conduct ultrasonic pre-treatment , and to assess the potential of food waste as a feedstock for biogas production. The methodology of this study starts with the sample collection and sample segregation process. After mixing and grinding process is done, the characterization of food waste is tested and ultrasonic pre-treatment is conducted. Lastly, the anaerobic digestion process was runned for one month. The data of biogas production from gas chromatography and water displacement method is analysed. The results from the collection sample show that carbohydrates (48%) gain the highest portion compared to fibre and protein, while the lowest portion was protein (27%). Based on the physical characteristics, the amount of moisture content is 68.40%, total solids is 27.39 and the volatile solid is 83.65%, while based on the chemical characteristics, the pH value obtained is 4.39, the chemical oxygen demand is 208,000 mg/L, total Kjedahl nitrogen is 6.13 mg/g and the amount of phosphorus is 1.4 mg/L. The highest micronutrient content in this food waste is calcium (290-369 mg/L) while the lowest is manganese (0.29-0.32 mg/L). The highest biogas production is obtained from the food waste sample that be treated for 30 minutes which is about 479.48 mL. This shows that ultrasonic pre-treatment process is effective for the enhancement of biogas production.
Contributor(s):
Nur Athirah Azman - Author
Primary Item Type:
Final Year Project
Identifiers:
Accession Number : 875008332
Language:
English
Subject Keywords:
Anaerobic; digestion; waste
First presented to the public:
6/1/2019
Original Publication Date:
9/27/2019
Previously Published By:
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Place Of Publication:
School of Chemical Engineering
Citation:
Extents:
Number of Pages - 111
License Grantor / Date Granted:
  / ( View License )
Date Deposited
2019-09-27 11:28:19.367
Submitter:
Mohd Jasnizam Mohd Salleh

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