Permintaan terhadap tenaga terus meningkat kesan perkembangan pesat populasi dunia dan isu ini membawa kepada pengurangan bahan api fosil. Bagi mengatasi masalah tenaga krisis, kajian ini telah menjalankan pirolisis pantas terhadap kulit buah nangka untuk menghasilkan minyak dalam reaktor lapisan tetap ―drop-type‖. Hal ini kerana, biojisim dianggap sebagai sumber yang sangat berkesan untuk diperbaharui berbanding dengan bahan api fosil konvensional di mana ia boleh digunakan untuk pengeluaran tenaga yang berpotensi yang dapat dikekalkan dan mengurangkan pencemaran alam sekitar. Eksperimen ini telah dijalankan pada suhu yang berbeza (350-650 oC), saiz sample (0.25-2 mm) dan kadar aliran gas nitrogen (200-400 ml/min). Penghasilan minyak tertinggi (57.86 wt%) diperoleh pada suhu 550 oC dengan saiz sample 0.5-1 mm dan kadar aliran gas nitrogen sebanyak 200 mL/min. Ujikaji awal yang dijalankan terhadap kulit buah nangka menggunakan thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) adalah bertujuan untuk menentukan analisis hampiran. Kemudian, komposisi unsur dan nilai pemanasan yang lebih tinggi daripada kulit buah nangka dan minyak (550 oC) telah ditentukan dan dibandingkan. Di samping itu, analisis FTIR dan analisis GC-MS dijalankan terhadap minyak untuk menyiasat kumpulan berfungsi dan sifat-sifat kimia minyak masing-masing. Sifat- sifat kimia daripada penghasilan minyak menunjukan bahawa minyak ini mengaplikasikan dalam loji kimia yang boleh berguna sebagai bahan mentah kimia dan digunakan sebagai bahan bakar pembakaran untuk elektrik.
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Energy demand is increasing due to rapid growth in population and leads to depletion of fossil fuels. To prevent the energy crisis, this study explores fast pyrolysis of Jackfruit peel into bio-oil in a drop-type fixed bed reactor. This is because, the biomass considered very effective renewable resources compared to conventional fossil fuels where it can be used for energy production which potentially sustainable and reduce environmental pollution. Fast pyrolysis serves as promising techniques to dispose of agriculture waste and to get bio-oil, bio-char and syngas simultaneously. The experiment was carried out at different reaction temperature (350-650 oC), particle size (0.25-2 mm) and nitrogen flow rate (200-400 mL/min). The highest bio-oil yield (57.86 wt%) was obtained at 550 oC with Jackfruit Peel (JFP) waste size of 0.5-1 mm and 200 ml/min of nitrogen gas flow rate. Preliminary experiment was conducted using thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) to determine the proximate analysis of JFP. Then, elemental composition and higher heating value of the feedstock and bio-oil (550 oC) were determined and compared. Additionally, the FTIR analysis and GC-MS analysis were carried out on bio-oil to investigate the functional group and chemical composition of bio-oil respectively. The chemical characterization of bio-oil results provide some promising insight into the application of bio-oil in chemical plant, which could be useful as a chemical feedstock and used as combustion fuels for electricity.
A study on the fast pyrolysis of jackfruit peel to bio-oil in a drop-type fixed bed reactor / Thayasree Kaliappan