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Determination of dynamic properties of soil at Seberang Perai using microtremor observation

Determination of dynamic properties of soil at Seberang Perai using microtremor observation / Kenny Chia
Walaupun Semenanjung Malaysia terletak jauh dari garis sesar aktif yang terdekat, kita masih mampu mengalami gegaran ketika gempa bumi besar berlaku di Sumatra, Indonesia. Kebimbingan utama dalam kajian ini adalah kesan daripada keadaan tapak tempatan yang mampu mengamplifikasi magnitud gegaran bumi di tapak yang terletak jauh daripada sumber gempa bumi. Sehingga kini, ciri-ciri tanah dinamik di Seberang Perai yang pesat membangun masih tidak diketahui. Pencerapan data yang menggunakan alat gegaran mikro telah dilaksanakan di 24 lokasi di kawasan kajian. Lokasi ini dipilih berdasarkan data yang diperolehi daripada laporan penyiasatan tanah yang sedia ada. Jelmaan Fourier Pantas (FFT) telah digunakan dalam program Matlab untuk menganalisa data yang diperolehi. Kaedah Nakamura digunakan untuk menentu tempoh tabii, frekuensi tabii dan tahap penguatan tanah di setiap lokasi pengukuran. Keputusan yang diperolehi diplot dalam peta taruran titik. Menurut kepada keputusan, tahap penguatan di kawasan kajian adalah lebih kurang di antara 2.83 dan 12.73 manakala tempoh tabii berada antara 0.22 s hingga 0.98 s. Secara umumnya, tempoh tabii meningkat di kawasan menuju ke pantai yang mempunyai enapan yang tebal. Tahap kebolehharapan bagi keputusan gegeran mikro telah diuji dengan membanding data diperolehi dari lubang gerek dengan tempoh tabii yang dicerap. Sedangkan ketebalan enapan yang lembut mampu mengamplifikasi magnitude gegaran bumi, kebolehan gegaran mikro untuk meramal ketebalan enapan yang lembut daripada frekuensi tabii merupakan minat kajian kami. Oleh itu, huhungan h = 54.917 fr-1.314 telah diperkenal untuk mengait ketebalan enapan yang lembut (h) dengan frekuensi tabii (fr). Hubungan ini akan menjimatkan kos dalam ramalan ketebalan enapan dan penentuan sifat pergerakan tanah pada masa hadapan. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Although Peninsular Malaysia is located far away from the nearest active fault line, but we can still experience the tremors when major earthquake happens in Sumatra, Indonesia. The major concern in this study is the effect of local site condition, where it amplifies the magnitude of ground vibration at sites far from the earthquake source. To date, the dynamic ground characteristics in Penang state is not well studied, particularly at the next fast develops area at mainland, Seberang Perai. The aim for this study is to determine the dynamic properties of soil at Seberang Perai. The microtremor measurements were taken at 24 selected points around the study area which determined by the available site investigation report. The collected raw data are analyzed using Fast Fourier Transform with a program written in Matlab. Predominant period, frequency and amplification level at each site are determined by Nakamura method. The obtained results are then mapped to produce dot distribution maps. Based on the maps, the amplification level is in the range of 2.83 to 12.73 while the predominant period varies from 0.22 s to 0.98 s. Generally, the predominant period increases when getting closer to the shoreline which has thicker sediments. In order to check the reliability of microtremor measurements, comparison is made between the available borehole data and predominant period. As far as the thickness of the soft stratum could influence the amplification of seismic wave, the advancement of micotremor observation to predict the thickness of soft stratum (h) from predominant frequency (fr) is part of our concern. Thus an empirical relationship h = 54.917 fr-1.314 is developed. The empirical relationship will be benefited in the prediction of thickness of soft stratum with minimal cost compared to conventional boring method. It will also contribute in prediction of ground motion characteristic for seismic design and any further geotechnical projects, particularly at unknown basement morphology in future.
Contributor(s):
Kenny Chia - Author
Primary Item Type:
Final Year Project
Identifiers:
Accession Number : 875005606
Language:
English
Subject Keywords:
tremors; earthquake; vibration
First presented to the public:
6/1/2015
Original Publication Date:
7/21/2020
Previously Published By:
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Place Of Publication:
School of Civil Engineering
Citation:
Extents:
Number of Pages - 133
License Grantor / Date Granted:
  / ( View License )
Date Deposited
2020-07-21 12:07:19.182
Submitter:
Mohd Jasnizam Mohd Salleh

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