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Experimental study for the continuous removal of ammonium ion in wastewater using map precipitation method

Experimental study for the continuous removal of ammonium ion in wastewater using map precipitation method / Yong Thong Foo
Disebabkan kesedaran tentang akibat pencemaran alam sekitar terhadap ibu bumi, banyak undang-undang dan peraturan telah dilaksanankan untuk memberi galakkan serta menguatkuasakan hukuman terhadap industri-industri supaya industri-industri tersebut dapat menggurangkan kandungan sisa air yang mengandungi nutrien atau bahan logam cair yang lain sebelum melepaskan sisa air ke persekitaran. Nutrien seperti nitrogen ammonia boleh merosakkan ekosistem semula jadi sekiranya kandungan kepekatan pelepasannya melebihi had yang dibenarkan. Rawatan yang biasa dilakukan ialah melalui rawatan biologi. Kaedah ini tidak sesuai kepada sisa air industri yang mengandungi kandungan nutrien yang terlampau tinggi. Ia akan menjadi bahan toksik terhadap mikroorganisma tersubut. Kaedah ini juga mengambil masa dan ruang yang lebih berbanding dengan cara pemedakan yang akan dibincangkan dalam laporan ini. Pemendakan MAP merupakan satu kaedah untuk menyingkirkan ammonia dalam larutan melalui pembentukan mendakan. Kaedah ini dapat menyingkiran kandungan ammonia dengan peratusan yang tinggi. Dengan menukar mod rawatan kapada mod berterusan, kaedah ini dapat meningkatkan jumlah sisa air yang perlu dirawat di samping mengurangkan ruang yang diperlukan. Proses pemisahan ini dapat dicapai melalui tangki yang besar kerana mendakan akan menetap ke bahagian bawah tangki manakala air yang telah dirawat dapat mengalir keluar. Mendapan yang kaya dengan kandungan nutrien seperti ammonia, nitrogen dan fosfat ini dapat digunakan sebagai sumber baja. Melalui kajian penyingkiran kandungan ammonia secara berterusan dengan kaedah pemendapan MAP ini, kaedah ini dapat digunakan untuk merawat sisa air industri yang mengandungi kepekatan ammonia yang tinggi. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Due to the awakening of the environmental conscious on the environmental pollutions to the mother earth, many laws and regulations had been implemented to either encourage or to enforce industries to remove pollutants such as nutrients and suspended metals from wastewater before being discharged to the environment. Nutrients such as ammonium nitrogen which is a fundamental component to all living things can damage the ecosystem when the discharge concentration is high above the acceptable limits. Conventional biological nitrogen removal is inadequate and unsuitable to remove nutrients from industries wastewater due to the concentrated wastewater which is toxic to most of the biological microorganisms and the biological treatment consume much more time and space. MAP precipitation method is a method to remove nutrient such as ammonium and phosphate through the formation of magnesium ammonium phosphate precipitate. The high removal efficiency of ammonium can be achieved by adding magnesium and phosphate salt to the wastewater. By changing the batch mode of the precipitation into continuous mode can increase the amount of wastewater to be treated while at the same time reducing the overall period of time. The separation process of the continuous mode is due to the large settle tank used in the process flow. The precipitate is allowed to settle in the settle tank while the lighter treated wastewater is flow out through the overflow effluent discharge. The precipitate which is highly rich in nutrients- ammonium, nitrogen and phosphate can be further used as fertilizer source. This study of the continuous ammonium removal using the MAP precipitation method can be applied in industries wastewater which contained high concentration of ammonium.
Contributor(s):
Yong Thong Foo - Author
Primary Item Type:
Final Year Project
Identifiers:
Accession Number : 875005164
Language:
English
Subject Keywords:
environmental; pollutions; wastewater
First presented to the public:
5/1/2013
Original Publication Date:
8/24/2020
Previously Published By:
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Place Of Publication:
School of Chemical Engineering
Citation:
Extents:
Number of Pages - 77
License Grantor / Date Granted:
  / ( View License )
Date Deposited
2020-08-24 12:12:05.146
Submitter:
Mohd Jasnizam Mohd Salleh

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Experimental study for the continuous removal of ammonium ion in wastewater using map precipitation method1 2020-08-24 12:12:05.146