Keselesaan termal ialah kajian tertutup tahap keselesaan rasa oleh penghuni di
ruang tertutup. Projek ini membentangkan kajian keselesaan termal yang telah dijalankan
di dalam bangunan masjid di sekitar Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. Objektif
kajian adalah menentukan kelembapan, suhu dan kelajuan angin mengikut standard yang
berkaitan dan mewujudkan hubungan antara sistem pengudaraan dengan Ramalan Undi
Purata (PMV) dan Ramalan Peratus Ketidakpuasan (PPD) mengikut ASHRAE Standard-
55. Kajian ini telah dilaksanakan pada 6 bangunan masjid pada pukul 12:00 p.m hingga
05:00 p.m. Kajian ini telah dijalankan menilai keadaan terma pada waktu solat
Zohor/Jumaat dan Asar. Semasa waktu solat, pengudaraan aktif dihidupkan manakala
sebelum dan selepas solat hanta pengudaraan pasif (tingkap dan pintu) sahaja boleh
didapati. Hasilnya menunjukkan nilai tertinggi untuk suhu, kelembapan dan kelajuan
angin yang direkodkan ialah 34.4°C, 78.5% dan 1.24 m/s di mana tidak mematuhi
Industrial Code of Practice 2010. Julat yang boleh diterima bagi suhu ialah 23ºC-26ºC,
kelembapan 40%-70% dan kelajuan angin adalah 0.15-0.5 m/s. Tambahan pula, suhu
menaik mendadak bagi keenam-enam masjid pada sebelum dan selepas waktu solat
kerana hanya pengudaraan pasif boleh didapati pada masa itu. Sementara itu, penurunan
suhu semasa solat adalah disebabkan oleh pengudaraan aktif seperti kipas dan penghawa
dingin telah dihidupkan. Oleh yang demikian, mendapati bahawa keselesaan termal yang
lebih baik adalah semasa waktu solat. Keadaan masjid juga adalah sedikit panas dan
hangat. Selain itu, berdasarkan keputusan yang direkodkan untuk memerhati keselesaan
haba di dalam bangunan masjid, sebahagian besar bangunan masjid tidak memberi
keselesaan termal yang baik dan PPD adalah tinggi.
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Thermal comfort is the study of indoor comfort level of the occupant in indoor
space. This project present the study of thermal comfort that had been carried out in
mosque building around Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia. The objective of the study
includes determining the compliance level of thermal comfort parameters (relative
humidity, temperature and air speed) with relevant standard and establish relationship
between ventilation system with Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) and Predicted Percentage
Dissatisfied (PPD) according to ASHRAE Standard-55. The study was conducted at 6
mosque building from 12:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. In order to asses thermal condition during
Zohor/Jumaat and Asar prayer times. During prayer time, active ventilation was switched
on meanwhile before and after prayer time only passive ventilation (window and door)
available. The result show the highest value for temperature, relative humidity and air
speed that being recorded are 34.4 °C, 78.5% and 1.24 m/s which does not comply with
Industrial Code of Practice 2010. The acceptable range for temperature is 23°C-26ºC,
relative humidity is 40%-70% and air speed is 0.15-0.5 m/s. Furthermore, the
temperature build up rapidly before and after prayer time because only passive
ventilation was available at that time. Meanwhile, the temperature drop during prayer
because during that time, active ventilation such as fans and air conditioner were
switched on. Overall observation found that better thermal comfort was during prayer
time and environmental sensation condition of the mosque is slightly warm and warm.
Moreover, according to result that being recorded and calculated to identity the thermal
comfort in mosque building, most mosque building did not provide a good thermal
comfort and most of number of occupant dissatisfied is also high.
Thermal comfort and its relation to ventilation approaches in mosques / Muhammad Norshazril Alif Zakaria