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Detection of chipping in ceramic cutting inserts from workpiece profile signature during turning process using machine vi~1 / Lee Woon Kiow

Detection of chipping in ceramic cutting inserts from workpiece profile signature during turning process using machine vision_Lee Woon Kiow _E3_2017_MFAR
Mata alat seramik lebih cenderung kepada kegagalan menjadi serpihan bukannya kehausan berterusan disebabkan oleh keliatan hentamannya yang rendah.Mata alat menjadi serpihan akan menyebabkan kualiti permukaan dan ketepatan dimensi merosot. Oleh itu, pengesanan dalam proses kegagalan tersebut pada mata alat seramik amat penting terutamanya dalam pengendalian pemesinan tidak berjaga. Kaedah pengesanan kegagalan mata alat dalam proses dengan menggunakan isyarat penderia yang wujud mempunyai had keupayaannya untuk mengesan serpihan mata alat. Pengawasan malat alat daripada profil bahan kerja dengan menggunakan penglihatan mesin mempunyai potensi yang tinggi digunakan semasa proses pemesinan, tetapi tiada percubaan dibuat untuk mengesan kegagalan serpihan mata alat. Dalam kerja ini, kaedah penglihatan mesin dibangunkan untuk mengesan kegagalan serpihan mata alat seramik daripada tanda pengenalan profil 2-D bahan kerja. Profil permukaan bahan kerja bertentangan dengan mata alat dirakam semasa pelarikan dengan menggunakan kamera DSLR. Profil permukaan bahan kerja diekstrak kepada ketepatan sub-piksel dengan menggunakan kaedah momen ketakvarianan. Kesan serpihan mata alat seramik pada tanda pengenalan profil permukaan bahan kerja disiasat dengan menggunakan fungsi autokorelasi (ACF) dan transformasi Fourier cepat (FFT). Pengesanan kegagalan serpihan dijalankan dengan sub-tetingkap FFT dan transformasi gelombang selanjar (CWT). Kegaglan serpihan mata alat seramik menyebabkan puncak ACF profil bahan kerja merosot cepat apabila jarak susul meningkat dan melencong dengan nyata pada sudut putaran bahan kerja yang berlainan. Amplitud frekuensi suapan asas semakin meningkat dengan masa apabila kehausan mata alat berlaku. Akan tetapi amplitud frekuensi suapan turun naik dengan nyata selepas mata alat gagal menjadi serpihan. Proses pemotongan yang stokastik selepas mata alat menjadi serpihan menyebabkan amplitud frekuensi ruangan yang lebih rendah daripada frekuensi suapan asas meningkat dengan meruncing. Kaedah CWT didapati lebih efektif untuk mengesan permulaan serpihan mata alat dengan tepat pada masa 16.5 s berbanding 17.13 s yang diperolehi daripada sub-tetingkap FFT. Punca min kuasa dua pekali CWT bagi profil bahan kerja pada skala yang lebih tinggi didapati lebih peka bagi mengesan serpihan mata alat seramik dan seterusnya boleh digunakan sebagai petunjuk untuk mengesan kejadian kegagalan serpihan mata alat seramik. Ceramic tools are prone to chipping due to their low impact toughness. Tool chipping significantly decreases the surface finish quality and dimensional accuracy of the workpiece. Thus, in-process detection of chipping in ceramic tools is important especially in unattended machining. Existing in-process tool failure detection methods using sensor signals have limitations in detecting tool chipping. The monitoring of tool wear from the workpiece profile using machine vision has great potential to be applied in-process, however no attempt has been made to detect tool chipping. In this work, a vision-based approach has been developed to detect tool chipping in ceramic insert from 2-D workpiece profile signature. The profile of the workpiece surface was captured using a DSLR camera. The surface profile was extracted to sub-pixel accuracy using invariant moment method. The effect of chipping in the ceramic cutting tools on the workpiece profile was investigated using autocorrelation function (ACF) and fast Fourier transform (FFT). Detection of onset tool chipping was conducted by using the sub-window FFT and continuous wavelet transform (CWT). Chipping in the ceramic tool was found to cause the peaks of ACF of the workpiece profile to decrease rapidly as the lag distance increased and deviated significantly from one another at different workpiece rotation angles. From FFT analysis the amplitude of the fundamental feed frequency increases steadily with cutting duration during gradual wear, however, fluctuates significantly after tool has chipped. The stochastic behaviour of the cutting process after tool chipping leads to a sharp increase in the amplitude of spatial frequencies below the fundamental feed frequency. CWT method was found more effective to detect the onset of tool chipping at 16.5 s instead of 17.13 s by sub-window FFT. Root mean square of CWT coefficients for the workpiece profile at higher scale band was found to be more sensitive to chipping and thus can be used as an indicator to detect the occurrence of the tool chipping in ceramic inserts.
Contributor(s):
Lee, Woon Kiow - Author
Secondary Item Type(s):
Thesis
Language:
English
Subject Keywords:
singular spectrum analysis (SSA) ; Autocad ; FFT method
Sponsor - Description:
Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Elektrik & Elektronik -
First presented to the public:
5/2/2017
Original Publication Date:
3/27/2018
Previously Published By:
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Place Of Publication:
School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering
Citation:
Extents:
Number of Pages - 215
License Grantor / Date Granted:
  / ( View License )
Date Deposited
2018-03-27 15:03:35.114
Date Last Updated
2020-05-29 15:26:13.414
Submitter:
Mohd Fadli Abd. Rahman

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Detection of chipping in ceramic cutting inserts from workpiece profile signature during turning process using machine vi~1 / Lee Woon Kiow1 2018-03-27 15:03:35.114