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Feasibility study of synthetic polymer for water shut-off treatment in oilfield industry

Feasibility study of synthetic polymer for water shut-off treatment in oilfield industry / Nursyuhaida Mohamad Sobri
Air yang dihasilkan bermakna mana-mana air yang dihasilkan ke permukaan bersama-sama dengan minyak dan gas. Ia adalah aliran sisa terbesar yang dihasilkan oleh industri minyak dan gas. Air yang dihasilkan adalah kebimbangan utama, dan pengeluaran air yg dihasilkan perlu dikurangkan. Air yang dihasilkan akan mengurangkan pengeluaran minyak dan gas kerana ketumpatan air yang dihasilkan adalah lebih tinggi berbanding dengan minyak dan gas dah akibat daripada itu air yg dihasilkan akan menolak minyak dan gas dan seterusnya muncul dipermukaan takungan. Air yang dihasilkan mengandungi hidrokarbon, garam, logam, radionuklid dan bahan kimia pengeluaran. Terdapat dua cara untuk menghadapi masalah ini iaitu dengan rawatan mekanikal atau rawatan kimia. Cara mekanikal termasuk penggerudian telaga mendatar dan pelbagai hala atau meletakkan kapal untuk menyekat pengeluaran air manakala rawatan kimia termasuk polimer gelling yang boleh diletakkan jauh ke dalam takungan dan mereka membentuk mendakan atau gel yang bertindak sebagai halangan fizikal yang menghalang aliran air untuk tempoh masa yang panjang. Dalam laporan ini, kita akan memberi tumpuan lebih ke rawatan kimia yang adalah dengan menggunakan polyacrylamide (PAM) bersama-sama dengan silang pemaut iaitu asetat kromium (Cr (III)). Tindak balas terhadap kepekatan, suhu dan juga terhadap hidrokarbon akan diperhatikan pada akhir eksperimen. Kepekatan yang lebih tinggi polimer dan merentas pemaut, kepekatan garam yang tinggi dan suhu yang lebih tinggi memberikan hasil yang lebih baik untuk eksperimen ini. Dalam kes semasa hidrokarbon, cecair masih dalam fasa yang sama iaitu di dalam cecair. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Produced water means that any water that is produced to the surface along with the oil and gas. It is the largest waste stream generated by the oil and gas industry. Produced water is the main concern and need to reduce the production of it. Produced water will decrease the production of oil and gas as the density of produced water is higher compared to the oil and gas thus it will pushed up to the surface of the reservoirs. Produced water contains hydrocarbons, salts, metals, radionuclides and production chemicals. There are two ways to encounter with this problem which are by mechanical treatment or chemical treatment. Mechanical means include drilling horizontal and multi-lateral wells or placing a liner to block water production while chemical treatments including gelling polymers that can be placed deep into the formation and they form a precipitate or a gel that acts as a physical barrier that hinders the flow of water for a long period of time. In this report, we will focus more onto the chemical treatment which is by using the polyacrylamide (PAM) together with the cross-linker which is chromium acetate (Cr(III)). The reaction towards concentration, temperature and also in the present of hydrocarbon will be observed at the end of the experiment. Higher concentration of polymer and cross-linker, higher brine concentration and higher temperature gives better results for this experiment. In case of present of hydrocarbon, the fluids are still in the same phase which is in liquid.
Contributor(s):
Nursyuhaida Mohamad Sobri - Author
Primary Item Type:
Final Year Project
Identifiers:
Accession Number : 875005193
Language:
English
Subject Keywords:
water; oil; gas
First presented to the public:
6/1/2013
Original Publication Date:
8/25/2020
Previously Published By:
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Place Of Publication:
School of Chemical Engineering
Citation:
Extents:
Number of Pages - 75
License Grantor / Date Granted:
  / ( View License )
Date Deposited
2020-08-25 12:29:31.519
Submitter:
Mohd Jasnizam Mohd Salleh

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