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Synthesis and fabrication of drop-coated Sn02 thick film sensor via sol gel method for ethanol gas detection

Synthesis and fabrication of drop-coated Sn02 thick film sensor via sol gel method for ethanol gas detection / Low Kok Wei
Tin dioksida (SnO2) telah berjaya disintesiskan melalui kaedah sol-gel dengan melarutkan tin (IV) klorida dalam air suling dan seterusnya menambahkan ammonia seterusnya; sementara kaedah-kaedah tersebut adalah lebih mudah dan murah. Bahan pengesan etanol yang dihasilkan ini telah dicirikan dengan Belauan Sinar-X, Imbasan Elektron Mikroskop, Tenaga Serakan Sinar-X and Brannauer-Emmett-Teller analisis. Berdasarkan keputusan analisis Belauan Sinar-X, saiz kristalit bertambah apabila suhu pengklasinan meningkat; di mananya saiz kristalit yang diperolehi dengan suhu pengklasinan dalam 400 oC, 500 oC dan 600 oC ialah 11.28 nm, 13.06 nm dan 18.17 nm masing-masing. Pencirian Imbasan Elektron Mikroskop menunjukkan sebaran SnO2 zarah yang homogen dan tanda-tanda gumpulan pada suhu pengklasinan yang lebih tinggi. Analisis Tenaga Serakan Sinar-X telah mengesahkan komposisi SnOx serbuk yang disintesiskan ialah SnO2. Seterusnya, hasilan SnO2 serbuk telah disalutkan pada permukaan substrat alumina melalui kaedah salutan jatuhan dalam proses fabrikasi. Untuk memahami pengaruh ketebalan filem terhadap sensitiviti, sensor-sensor tersebut telah difabrikasi dengan 3, 5 dan 7 lapisan salutan bahan pengesan. Suhu operasi yang antara 200 oC dengan 400 oC dan pelbagai kepekatan gas etanol (200 ppm - 1000 ppm) telah digunakan untuk mengaji tentang tindakbalas sensor dalam keadaan yang berbeza. Sensor SnO2 yang disintesiskan didapati berfungsi terbaik pada 300 oC dan sensitiviti sensor-sensor berkadar terus dengan kepekatan gas etanol. Keseluruhannya, sensor yang menunjukkan sensitiviti dalam pengesanan gas etanol yang tertinggi ialah sensor yang difabrikasi dengan 5 lapisan salutan serbuk SnO2 yang diklasinkan pada 500 oC. Pengesanan gas etanol bagi sensor ini juga adalah lebih baik daripada sensor yang difabrikasikan dengan meggunakan serbuk SnO2 komersial. Ini disebabkan oleh saiz kristalit serbuk sistesis yang lebih kecil dan jumlah kawasan permukaan serbuk sintesis yang lebih besar. Berdasarkan analisis XRD dan BET, SnO2 serbuk komersial adalah 70.64 nm saiznya dan mempunyai luas permukaan 4.55 m2/g manakala SnO2 serbuk terbaik yang disistesiskan adalah hanya 13.06 nm saiznya and mempunyai jumlah luas permukaan yang lebih besar iaitu 36.74 m2/g. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Tin dioxide (SnO2) nanopowders has been successfully synthesized via sol-gel method by dissolving the precursor, tin (IV) chloride pentahydrate in distilled water and adding ammonia solution afterwards; in which the methods are relatively simpler and cheaper. The obtained ethanol sensing materials were then characterized with X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Brannauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. From the XRD result, the crystallite sizes increase with the rise in calcination temperature; where the crystallite size obtained at calcination temperature of 400 oC, 500 oC and 600 oC are 11.28 nm, 13.06 nm and 18.17 nm respectively. SEM characterization shows homogenous distribution of SnO2 nanoparticles and hints agglomeration at higher calcination temperature. It was found through EDX analysis that the chemical composition of the SnOx synthesized is confirmed to be SnO2. After that, the synthesized SnO2 powders were deposited on alumina substrates through drop coating method for sensor fabrication. To understand the effect of film thickness on the sensitivity, the sensors were fabricated at 3, 5 and 7 drop layers of sensing materials. Operating temperature ranging from 200 oC to 400 oC and different ethanol gas concentrations (200 ppm to 1000 ppm) were also used for sensor testing to study the gas sensing behavior at different conditions. It was found that the as-prepared SnO2 sensors work best at 300 oC and the sensitivity of the sensors exhibits linear dependency on the ethanol gas concentration. In all, the sensor that showed highest sensitivity to ethanol gas was the one fabricated using 5 drop layers of SnO2 nanopowders calcined at 500 oC. This sensor also outperformed the sensor fabricated with commercial SnO2 nanopowders by having a higher sensitivity, ascribed by the former having smaller crystallite size and higher surface area. From the XRD and BET analysis, the commercial SnO2 powder is 70.64 nm in size and have an average surface area of 4.55 m2/g whereas the best synthesized SnO2 powder is only 13.06 nm in size and have a higher average surface area of 36.74 m2/g.
Contributor(s):
Low Kok Wei - Author
Primary Item Type:
Final Year Project
Identifiers:
Accession Number : 875007270
Barcode : 00003107150
Language:
English
Subject Keywords:
Tin dioxide; sol-gel method; ammonia solution
First presented to the public:
5/1/2017
Original Publication Date:
4/24/2018
Previously Published By:
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Place Of Publication:
School of Chemical Engineering
Citation:
Extents:
Number of Pages - 86
License Grantor / Date Granted:
  / ( View License )
Date Deposited
2018-04-24 15:35:20.072
Date Last Updated
2019-01-07 11:24:32.9118
Submitter:
Mohd Jasnizam Mohd Salleh

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Synthesis and fabrication of drop-coated Sn02 thick film sensor via sol gel method for ethanol gas detection1 2018-04-24 15:35:20.072