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Recovery of gold from electronic waste through non-cyanide based electrodeposition technique / Amirul Islah Nazri

Recovery of gold from electronic waste through non-cyanide based electrodeposition technique_ Amirul Islah Nazri_K4_2016_MYMY
Pengeluaran peralatan-peralatan elektronik secara berterusan yang disebabkan oleh kemajuan teknologi telah menjurus kepada peningkatan penghasilan sisa-sisa elektronik (E-sisa) yang banyak. Secara lazimnya, E-sisa mengandungi logam-logam berharga terutamanya emas. Dengan peningkatan jumlah E-sisa yang dihasilkan dalam beberapa tahun yang mendatang, bilangan emas yang akan dibuang ke tapak perlupusan juga akan terus meningkat dan ini akan menjurus kepada pencemaran alam jika tiada sebarang proses pemulihan yang sewajarnya dilakukan. Pada masa ini, kaedah konvensional untuk melombong emas sedang digunakan untuk mendapatkan kembali emas daripada E-sisa melalui penggunaan bahan berdasarkan sianida. Walau bagaimanapun, terdapat risiko yang tinggi dalam menggunakan kaedah ini disebabkan oleh air kumbahan daripada larut lesap sianida sangat berbahaya kepada manusia dan alam sekitar. Oleh itu, dalam projek ini, reagen berdasarkan bukan sianida, iaitu tiourea, telah dipilih dan digunakan dalam proses pemulihan emas melalui teknik elektropeendapan. Di samping itu, proses melarut lesap emas menggunakan larutan tiourea berasid untuk proses pemulihan emas berlaku selari dengan proses elektropeendapan emas. Dengan itu, lebih banyak kajian perlu dibuat untuk mengoptimakan kedua-dua proses iaitu proses melarut lesap emas menggunakan larutan tiourea berasid, dan juga proses elektropeendapan emas untuk mendapatkan kembali sebanyak mungkin emas daripada sampel RAM komputer. Sampel E-sisa yang digunakan dalam kajian ini telah disediakan oleh rakan kongsi penyelidikan perindustrian, Scrap Computer Trading (SCT) Sdn. Bhd. Tanpa menjalani proses pengoptimuman dan proses pra-rawatan penyingkiran tembaga, kira-kira 5 wt. % hingga 7 wt. % emas cenderung untuk melarut lesap keluar daripada sampel RAM hancur melalui proses larut lesap menggunakan larutan tiourea berasid. Selepas menyingkir keluar tembaga daripada sample RAM, jumlah emas yang melarut lesap, dalam ketiadaan oksidan, meningkat kepada kira-kira 40 wt. %. Dengan menggunakan parameter yang dioptimumkan, beserta dengan adanya hidrogen peroksida (H2O2) sebagai oksidan, kira-kira 72 wt. % emas berjaya dilarut lesap keluar daripada sampel RAM yang sebelumnya telah menjalani proses pra-rawatan. Akhir sekali, kira-kira 12.26 wt. % daripada larutan larut lesap emas berjaya diendapkan di atas permukaan katod keluli tahan karat melalui proses elektropeendapan. Pada peringkat ini, walaupun jumlah emas yang diendapkan masih agak kecil, akan tetapi, pemulihan melalui proses larut lesap emas telah meningkat dengan ketara berdasarkan proses pengoptimuman yang telah dijalankan. Penyelidikan selanjutnya untuk meluaskan skop pengoptimuman terhadap proses pengendapan adalah diperlukan untuk mencapai keputusan yang lebih baik ke atas proses pengendapan emas. __________________________________________________________________________________ The continuous production of electronic equipments due to technological advancement has lead to continuous increase in electronic waste (E-waste) production. Typical E-waste contains precious metals, with the most valuable one is gold. In the coming years, with the increasing amount of E-waste produced that posed as environmental pollution, the amount of gold that will be going to be wasted in the dump site will be also keep increasing, if no proper recovery process takes place. Conventional methods for gold mining are currently being applied to recover gold from E-waste, through cyanide based routes. However, there are high risks in using this method as the wastewaster from the cyanide leaching is harmful to both human and environment. Hence, in this project, a non-cyanide based reagent namely thiourea (TU), has been chosen and used in the gold recovery process by means of electrodeposition technique. In addition to this, an in-situ gold leaching with the acidic TU solution used for the gold recovery process tends to occur in parallel with the gold electrodeposition process. Thus, more studies has to be made to optimize both acidic TU leaching of gold, and gold electrodeposition processes in order to recover as much gold as possible from the computer RAMs sample. The E-waste sample in this research were provided by industrial research partner, the Scrap Computer Trading (SCT) Sdn. Bhd. Without undergoes any optimization process and copper removal pre-treatment process, about 5 to 7 wt. % of gold tends to leach from the crushed RAMs sample via acidic TU leaching. After removing copper, the amount of gold leached increase to about 40 wt. % in the absence of oxidant. By using the optimized parameters, with the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as oxidant, about 72 wt. % of gold were able to be succesfully leached out from the pre-treated RAMs samples via the leaching process. Finally, about 5 wt. % of gold from the leached solution were able to be deposited on the stainless steel cathode through electrodeposition process. At this stage, although the amount of gold deposited is still quite small, the recovery through gold leaching process has been significantly improved based on the optimization carried out. Further research to widen the scope of optimization into the deposition process is required to achieve better results on the gold deposition process.
Contributor(s):
Amirul Islah Nazri - Author
Primary Item Type:
Thesis
Identifiers:
Accession Number : 875008413
Language:
English
Subject Keywords:
Conventional; electrodeposition; pre-treated
Sponsor - Description:
Pusat Pengajian Kejuruteraan Kimia -
First presented to the public:
9/1/2016
Original Publication Date:
11/19/2019
Previously Published By:
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Place Of Publication:
School of Chemical Engineering
Citation:
Extents:
Number of Pages - 219
License Grantor / Date Granted:
  / ( View License )
Date Deposited
2019-11-19 16:40:17.968
Date Last Updated
2020-11-16 15:10:45.44
Submitter:
Mohamed Yunus Yusof

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Recovery of gold from electronic waste through non-cyanide based electrodeposition technique / Amirul Islah Nazri1 2019-11-19 16:40:17.968