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Synthesis and characteristics of rice husk ash based magnetic hydrogel (RHA-MH) and potential use for H2 production

Synthesis and characteristics of rice husk ash based magnetic hydrogel (RHA-MH) and potential use for H2 production / Mohammad Syafiq Abd Halim
Fokus utama projek ini adalah untuk menggunakan abu sekam padi yang dicampurkan dengan nanopartikel ferum oksida (Fe3O4) untuk menghasilkan abu sekam padi berasaskan hidrogel magnetik (RHA-MH). Dua cara akan diaplikasi untuk penghasilkan hidrogel magnetik, iaitu kaedah sol-gel dan kaedah taut-silang. Tambahan pula, diantara tenaga-tenaga yang wujud setakat ini seperti bahan api fosil, tenaga boleh diperbaharui dan tenaga alternatif, hidrogen dipercayai berpotensi untuk dijadikan sumber tenaga. Hidrogen boleh dihasilkan melalui pelbagai cara salah satunya adalah hidrolisis natrium borohidrida (NaBH4) dengan menggunakan pemangkin RHA-MH dan merupakan fokus kedua projek ini. Selain itu, suhu pembakaran sekam padi dan cara menghasilan pemangkin RHA-MH telah dikaji untuk mengetahui impak terhadap hidrolisis natrium borohidrida (NaBH4). RHA(1200°C)-MH untuk kaedah taut-silang dan kaedah sol-gel menunjukkan catatan masa yang paling cepat penghasilan 40 mL hidrogen gas iaitu 5.64 min dan 11.18 min berbanding dengan RHA(600°C)-MH untuk kedua-dua kaedah diatas mencatatkan masa paling lambat iaitu 10.47 min dan 13.18 min. Selanjutnya, masa yang diambil untuk penghasilan 40 mL hidrogen gas menggunakan RHA(1200°C)-MH yang disintesis daripada kaedah taut-silang menujukkan prestasi lebih baik berbanding RHA(1200°C)-MH disintesisk dari kaedah sol-gel seperti ditunjukkan diatas. Di samping itu, RHA-MH yang belum and telah digunakan akan dikaji dari segi struktur bentuk dan komposisinya menggunakan Miskroskop Electron Imbasan (SEM) dan Isotem Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). Daripada imej SEM ia boleh disimpulkan bahawa silika (SiO2) berjaya digunakan sebagai bahan sokongan untuk menstabilkan nanopartikel ferum oksida (Fe3O4). Tambahan lagi, SEM imej juga menunjukkan bahawa struktur keseluruhan RHA-MH adalah agak berliang, Selain itu, imej SEM-MH sebelum dan selepas hidrolisis NaBH4 pada pembesaran yang sama 30 000X, mempamerkan struktur fizikal betul-betul serupa. Luas permukaan BET daripada RHA-MH telah ditentukan sebagai 96.8357 m2/g. Jumlah isipadu liang dan/atau kapasiti penjerapan maksimum dan nyahjerapan daripada RHA-MH adalah 74.4097 cm3/g STP berserta dengan saiz liang RHA-MH adalah 45.9187 Å. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ The main focus of this project is to utilize the RHA together with iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticle to synthesised RHA-MH. Two method are used to produce RHA-MH which is “Sol-Gel” and “Cross-Linking” methods. In addition, among the energy available today such as fossil fuel, renewable and alternative energy, hydrogen appear to a potential source of energy. Hydrogen can be produced from variety of technique such as through hydrolysis of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) with the aids of RHA-MH catalyst which will be the next focus of this studies. Besides that, factors effecting hydrolysis reaction such as effect of RHA calcination temperature and method used to synthesis the catalyst were investigated. The RHA(1200°C)-MH synthesised from cross-linking and sol-gel method shows the shortest time taken to produce 40 mL of H2 gas which is 5.64 min and 11.18 min compare to RHA(600°C)-MH synthesised from both method which is 10.47 min and 13.18 min respectively. Furthermore, the time taken to produce 40 mL of H2 using RHA(1200°C)-MH synthesised from cross-linking method shows better result than RHA(1200°C)-MH synthesised from sol-gel method which as shown above. Moreover, the fresh and spent magnetic hydrogel were studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller Isotherm (BET) to know its structure and composition. From SEM image it could be concluded that silica (SiO2) could successfully be utilized as the supporting material for stabilizing magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles. The SEM image also showed that the overall structure was relatively porous. Moreover, the SEM images of magnetic hydrogel before and after the hydrolysis of NaBH4 at the same magnification of 30 000X, exhibited exactly similar physical structures. The BET surface area of RHA-MH were determined as 96.8357 m2/g. The pore volume and/or maximum adsorption and desorption capacity of RHA-MH is 74.4097 cm3/g STP together with pore size of RHA-MH are 45.9187 Å which is obtain from the result. From BET result, this project successfully synthesised RHA-MH with large surface area and pore volume.
Contributor(s):
Mohammad Syafiq Abd Halim - Author
Primary Item Type:
Final Year Project
Identifiers:
Barcode : 00003103738
Accession Number : 875006345
Language:
English
Subject Keywords:
RHA; iron oxide (Fe3O4); alternative energy
First presented to the public:
6/1/2016
Original Publication Date:
5/21/2018
Previously Published By:
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Place Of Publication:
School of Chemical Engineering
Citation:
Extents:
Number of Pages - 98
License Grantor / Date Granted:
  / ( View License )
Date Deposited
2018-05-21 17:41:51.747
Date Last Updated
2019-01-07 11:24:32.9118
Submitter:
Mohd Jasnizam Mohd Salleh

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Synthesis and characteristics of rice husk ash based magnetic hydrogel (RHA-MH) and potential use for H2 production1 2018-05-21 17:41:51.747