Membran ialah teknologi paling versatil dan baik untuk mencapai air minuman berkualiti lebih tinggi disebabkan modul padatnya, lebih rendah penggunaan tenaga dan tatacara kendalian mesra alam sekitar. Bagaimanapun, halangan utama bagi membran dalam rawatan air ialah faulan membran yang akan biasanya mengurangkan prestasi penelapan, meningkatkan kos operasi serta memendekkan jangka hayat membran. Dalam kajian ini, kami telah mencadangkan untuk mengkaji kesan bahan-bahan tambahan makromolekul diatas kestabilan membran poliethersulfon (PES) di mana kesan pelbagai bahan tambahan ke ciri-ciri membran dan juga prestasi penapisan telah dijalankan. Dalam tugas ini, membran PES telah disediakan dengan menggunakan kaedah pemendakan rendaman bersertakan bahan-bahan tambahan makromolekul berbeza seperti, polivinilpirolidon (PVP), polyether(glycol)(PEG), poli(ethylene oxide)-b-poli(propylene oxide)-b-poli(ethylene oxide) (Pluronic) dan tri-etilena glikol (TEG). Kemudian, membran disintesiskan melalui satu serius analisis gambaran sifat dan ujian prestasi termasuk spektroskopi inframerah transformasi Fourier (FTIR), ukuran porometer, keporosan, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), fluks penelapan dan penolakan bahan larut (bahan-bahan asid humik). Dalam hasil kerja ini, kita cuba untuk mengkaji bahan tambahan manakah yang sesuai untuk digunakan sebagai bahan alternatif dalam larutan kasting dan seterusnya memberikan prestasi penapisan yang terbaik dan penolakan bahan larut. Seterusnya, untuk memperbaiki persembahan penurasan, garam galian, CaCl2, telah ditambah ke dalam larutan suapan supaya meningkatkan pengaglomeratan bahan asid humik. Selain itu , kesan dari beberapa transmembran memaksa keadaan kendalian (0.5 bar, 0.7 bar dan 1.0 bar) juga dinilai. Keputusan keseluruhan mencadangkan Pluronic telah menunjukkan karakter dalam pelbagai aspek dan kesannya, ia harus dipertimbangkan sebagai aplikasi alternatif dalam penyingkiran asid humik.
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Membranes are the most versatile and promising technology for achieving higher quality potable water due to its compact module, lower energy consumption and environmental friendly operating procedure. However, the major restriction of membrane application in water treatment is the membrane fouling which will normally reduce the permeation performance, increase the operating costs as well as shorten the membrane life span. In this study, we proposed to study the effect of the macromolecular additives on the stability of the polyethersulfone (PES) membrane where the effect of various additives on to the characteristic of the membranes as well as it’s respectively filtration performance were carried out. In this work, PES membranes were prepared by wet immersion precipitation method using different macromolecular additives, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), poly(ether glycol) (PEG), poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(propylene oxide)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) (Pluronic) and tri-ethylene glycol (TEG). The synthesized membranes were then subjected to a serious of characterizations analyses and performance testing include Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), porometer measurement, porosity, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), permeation flux and the rejection of solute (humic acid substances). In this work, we try to study which of the additives are suitable to be used as an alternative substance into the casting solution and give the best filtration performance and rejection of the solute. To further improve the filtration performances, mineral salt, CaCl2, was added into the feed solution in order to increase the agglomeration of humic acid substance. Besides, the effects of various transmembrane pressures operating condition (0.5 bars, 0.7 bars and 1.0 bar) were also been evaluated. Overall results suggest that Pluronic showed the best behavior in all respect and consequently, it should be considered as the alternative application in humic acid removal.
Effect of macromolecular additives on the performance of polyethersulfone (pes) membrane / Nur Farahin Abdul Rahman