Bio-penapis merupakan satu sistem yang mengandungi bahan organik yang dihuni oleh mikroorganisma, yang akan mengurangkan konsentrasi bau yang mengalir keluar daripada sistem tersebut. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mendapatkan bahan media yang berkesan atau bahan media campuran dengan kadar pecahan yang patut dan operasi bagi sistem bio-penapis. Serpihan kayu dan kompos yang digunakan pada bio-penapis sebagai bahan media turut di ujikaji kerana ia merupakan salah satu parameter untuk kebolehkesanan sistem ini. Air sisa keluaran dari memprosesan kelapa sawit turut diuji untuk mengenalpasti kadar pengurangan bau pada sistem bio-penapis yang berbeza penggunaan media dengan kadar pecahan yang berbeza. Pengumpulan data dapat dikumpul dari dua bio-penapis yang berbentuk penggunaan makmal dan ia terletak di makmal alam sekitar. Sampel udara bau busuk yang masuk dan keluar dari bio-penapis dikumpulkan untuk menjalankan ujikaji . Manakala, pH bagi bahan media dan tekanan udara sampel gas bagi masuk dan keluar dari bio-penapsi akan diambil terus pada bio-penapis di makmal. United Oil Palm Industries Sdn.Bhd telah memberi kebenaran untuk mengambil air sisa kelapa sawit bagi penggunaan ujikaji. Selain itu, pelbagai ujikaji turut dijalankan bagi sampel bahan media iaitu ujian ciri –ciri bahan media. Kadar pengurangan bau untuk kesemua bio-penapis yang diterima adalah berbeza. Hal ini, disebabkan berlaku diatas pelbagai parameter bagi bio-penapis. Masa tahanan lapisan media adalah sama iaitu 60 saat. Seterusnya, pH bagi kesemua bio-penapis media adalah nilai optimum dimana melalui ujikaji yang dijalankan mendapati nilainya terdekat dengan nutral pH iaitu 6.5. Kompos kelapa sawit menunjukan nilai ciri – ciri yang baik daripada serpihan kayu. Pengurangan udara bagi kompos adalah 96%. Melalui kajian ini, jurutera - jurutera dapat mengenalpasti parameter penting bio-penapis di samping memperkenalkan bahan baru untuk penapis.
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A biofilter is one of the system which are consists of micro-organisms populated container of organic material, through which will reduce the odour concentration flowing out from the system. The study was conducted to determine the suitable media or ratio of mixed media and operation condition for biofilter. The characteristic of wood chips and compost used for packing material in biofilter was conducted as it is one of the prime parameters for biofilter performance. The Palm Oil Mill effluent was tested to identify the odour removal efficiencies at varying biofilter operational conditions. The data collection is obtained from two biofilter which is in form of lab scale and it located at the laboratory. The sample gas of inlet and outlet from biofilter are collected for testing while data such as pH of filter media and pressure flow rate of gas sample inlet and outlet is taken directly at the biofilter at laboratory. United Oil Palm Industries Sdn.Bhd have been given permission to take palm oil effluent for research. Other than that, various test for the biofilter media samples was also conducted. Some of tests are conducted for the important parameter of biofilter performance which is characteristic test for media. The odour removal efficiency of all biofilters are obtained in different removal capacity. This conditions is occurred because can be affected by many parameters of biofilter performance. The Empty Bed Retention Time for all biofilter is same which 60s. Next, the pH for both biofilter media is optimum pH which through test pH value is reduce near to neutral pH is 6.5. The palm oil compost show better result in many physical parameters compared to wood chips. The odour removal efficiency results for compost is 96%. This research will help the engineers to determine the important parameters to consider for design and to open up new opportunity to introduce new type of filter media.
Treatment of palm oil mill effluent odour using biofilter from compost and wood chips media / Tanagaraj Nagalinggam