Sisa cerucuk bakau daripada tapak pembinaan yang tidak bernilaidi gunakan untuk menghasilkan karbon teraktif dengan kawasan permukaan tinggi dan sesuai untuk penjerapan pewarna yang tidak terurai.Oleh itu, objectif utama kajian ini adalah untuk menyediakan karbon teraktif terbaik daripada cerucuk bakau melalui kimia (kaliumhidroksida).Pada mulanya, cerucuk bakau dikisar sampai 1 cm dan seterusnya menjalani proses pengkarbonan pada suhu 800oC selama sejam bawah aliran nitrogen 150sm3/min. Arang terhasil dijerapisi dengan kalium hidroksida pada nisbah yang berbeza (1, 2 dan 3). Arang ini diaktifkan pada pelbagai suhu (600oC , 700oC dan 800oC ) selama sejam. Karbon teraktif terbaik, AC800(3) dihasilkan pada suhu 800oC dan nisbah 3. Walaupun hasil AC800(3) daripada cerucuk bakauhanya 18.60%, tetapi AC800(3) mempunyai kawasan permukaan yang tinggi iaitu 390.3940 m2/g. Karbon teraktif ini seterusnya dijalani kajian penjerapan metilena biru untuk mendapatkan kapasiti penjerapan. Kajian penjerapan secara kelompok dijalani dengan menggunakan kepekatan awal yang berbeza (300-700 mg/L). Keseimbangan penjerapan meningkat dengan peningkatan kepekatan awal. Kapasiti penjerapan maksimum AC800(3) bagi mentilena adalah paling tinggi ( 269.14 mg/g). Data eksperimen penjerapan berpadanan dengan garis sesuhu Langmuir dengan nilai R2 sebanyak 0.9988. Kajian kenetik mematuhi model kinetic pseudo tertib kedua. Keputusan kajian menunjukkan bahawa penjerapan karbon teraktif daripada cerucuk bakau sesuai untuk penjerapan mentilena biru daripada larutan akuas.
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The mangrove piles leftover from construction site has low value can be used to produce activated carbon with high surface area which is suitable for adsorption of non-degradable dye. Hence, the main objective of this research is to prepare optimum activated carbon from mangrove piles via two-step chemical activation using potassium hydroxide. The mangrove piles was first grinded to 1 cm long and then carbonized at 800oC for 1 hour under nitrogen flow at 150 cm3/min. The char produced was then impregnated with potassium hydroxide at different ratio (1,2 and 3). The char was then activated at various activation temperature (600oC, 700oC and 800oC) for 1 hour under nitrogen flow. The best activated carbon, AC800(3) was produced at activation temperature of 800oC and impregnation ratio 3. Although the yield of AC800(3) from precursor was only 18.60%, it was observed that AC800(3) had high surface area which was 390.3940 m2/g. This prepared activated carbon was used to perform adsorption study with methylene blue to determine the adsorption capacity. The batch adsorption study was carried out using different initial concentration (300 to 700 mg/L). The adsorption equilibrium increased with increase of initial concentration. The maximum adsorption capacity for methylene blue of AC800(3) was the highest with the value of 269.14 mg/g. The experimental data of adsorption fitted well to Langmuir isotherm with R2 of 0.9988. The kinetic study obeyed pseudo-second-order model. The results of adsorption study showed that activated carbon from mangrove piles is suitable for methylene blue removal from aqueous solution.
Production of activated carbon from mangrove piles via chemical activation / Tam Kui Chong