Zarah Hydroxyapatite, HAP yang tertanam dalam Polyethersulfon, PES Membran Matrix Campuran (MMMs) telah berjaya disediakan, bagi mengkaji fonomena penjerapan ke arah protein Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA). BSA dipilih sebagai model protein dalam sistem ini. Membran dengan kepekatan PES berbeza dan kepekatan HAP berbeza telah disediakan dengan menggunakan kaedah penyongsangan fasa. Semua membran yang disediakan dianalisis melalui Fourier Transform Infrared Spektroskopi analisis, analisis Mikroskop Imbasan Elektron, pengukuran sudut air, kandungan air di dalam membran dan keliangan keseluruhan membran. Dari FTIS spektrum, puncak menunjukkan pada 1011.04 cm-1 disebabkan oleh sifat kimia zarah HAP. Ini menunjukkan bahawa zarah HAP telah berjaya dilarutkan ke dalam PES membran matriks. Struktur membran oleh MIE mengesahkan bahawa liang permukaan menjadi lebih besar dengan mengurangkan kepekatan PES dan permukaan liang menjadi semakin kecil dengan menambahkan zarah HAP ke dalam PES membran matriks campuran. Kandungan air bertambah apabila kepekatan PES ditambah dan meningkatkan hidrofilik MMMs. Hal ini juga menyebabkan saiz liang membran bertambah. Eksperimen penjerapan telah dijalankan bagi mengkaji kesan kepekatan PES dan HAP ke atas penjerapan BSA. Membran dengan kepekatan PES paling rendah iaitu 14 % berat kepekatan PES menunjukkan kapasiti penjerapan yang tinggi ke arah BSA. Zarah HAP paling banyak dilarutkan ke dalam 14 % berat memberi kapasiti penjerapan tertinggi iaitu 0.240 g BSA/g membran kapasiti penjerapan maksimum. Membran yang mengandungi 14 % berat PES kepekatan dengan 60 % berat dan 80 % berat kepekatan HAP daripada kepekatan PES telah dipilih untuk penjerapan BSA dinamik ke membran. Kepekatan optimum untuk kepekatan BSA awal pada 1.5 g/L telah dipilih sebagai kepekatan keseimbangan BSA. Untuk kajian keseimbangan, dua isoterma penjerapan analisis iaitu Langmuir dan Freundlich model telah digunakan. PES/HAP/PVP MMMs menunjukkan bahawa Langmuir isoterma model adalah data yang sesuai dilengkapi untuk menerangkan tentang proses penjerapan BSA. Untuk kajian kinetik, 14% berat kepekatan PES dengan 60% berat dan 80% berat kepekatan HAP dari kepekatan PES didapati sesuai dengan model kinetik pseudo-tertib kedua. Pengunaan semula membran telah dijalankan dengan merendam membran yang telah digunakan dalam larutan buffer asetat pada pH 4.2 dan hasilnya menunjukkan bahawa 14% berat kepekatan PES dengan 60% berat dan 80% berat HAP daripada kepekatan PES, tidak ada pengurangan yang ketara dalam kapasiti penjerapan
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Hydroxyapatite (HAP) as adsorptive particles embedded into Polyethersulfone (PES) Mixed Matrix Membranes (MMMs) were successfully prepared, in order to study the adsorption behavior of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) as protein model in this system. Membranes with different PES and different HAP concentrations were prepared by phase inversion method. All the prepared membranes were characterized through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis, Contact Angle measurement (CA), water content and overall porosity. From the FTIR spectra, peak at 1011.04 cm-1 was attributed to chemical properties of HAP particle which indicates that the HAP particle was successfully impregnated into PES mixed matrix membranes. Membranes structure analysed through SEM confirmed that the surface pores enlarged with reducing the PES concentration and the surface pores became smaller with the addition of HAP particles into PES mixed matrix membranes. Water content was increased with increasing of PES concentration and increased the hydrophilicity of the MMMs, which partly caused by the increase in overall porosity of the MMMs. Adsorption experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of PES and HAP concentrations on BSA adsorption. The initial concentration and contact time in a batch system was varied with constant shaking rate of 90 rpm for all the prepared membranes. The membranes with lowest PES concentration at 14 wt% PES concentration showed the highest adsorption capacity towards BSA. The highest HAP of 80 wt% gave the highest adsorption capacity of 0.240 g BSA/g membrane of maximum adsorption capacity. The 14 wt% PES concentration with 60 wt% and 80 wt% of HAP concentration of PES concentration were chosen to dynamic BSA adsorption onto membrane. The optimum concentration for initial BSA concentration at 1.5 g/L was chosen as equilibrium BSA concentrations. For equilibrium studies, two analytical adsorption isotherms, Langmuir and Freundlich models were fitted to equilibrium adsorption data. PES/HAP/PVP MMMs shows that The Langmuir isotherms model was the best fitted data to describe the BSA adsorption process. For kinetic studies, the 14 wt% PES concentration with 60 wt% and 80 wt% of HAP concentration of PES concentration were found to agree with pseudo-second-order kinetics model. Regeneration of membranes were carried out by shaking the used membrane in acetate buffer solution at pH 4.2 and the result demonstrated for 14 wt% PES concentration with 60 wt% and 80 wt% of HAP concentration of PES concentration that, there is no significant reduction in the adsorption capacity
Adsorptive studies of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) by PES-HAP-PVP mixed matrix membrane / Nurul Husna Elyana Hanifa