(For USM Staff/Student Only)

EngLib USM > Ω School of Civil Engineering >

Utilization of zeliac as an alternative adsorbent to remove low level concentration of nom in riverbank filtration / Nurazim Ibrahim

Utilization of zeliac as an alternative adsorbent to remove low level concentration of nom in riverbank filtration_Nurazim Ibrahim_A9_2018_M
Peningkatan bahan organik semulajadi (NOM) dalam air permukaan adalah membimbangkan kerana ia merupakan bahan utama kepada produk sampingan disinfektan (DBP) dalam sistem olahan air minuman konvensional yang boleh membahayakan kesihatan. Manakala, tapisan tebing sungai (RBF) adalah pilihan yang baik untuk mengurangkan pencemaran air permukaan dan mengatasi masalah kekurangan air terutamanya semasa keadaan cuaca yang melampau seperti kemarau dan banjir. Oleh itu, tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengurangkan kemungkinan pembentukan DBP dengan mengawal tahap NOM dalam air dan pada masa yang sama merawat bio-koloid dan bahan pencemar ionik dengan menggunakan bahan penjerab komposit Zeliac secara RBF. Hasil pemantauan kualiti air menunjukkan bahawa NOM di Sungai Kerian mencatatkan purata 3.6 mg/L DOC dan 0.10 cm-1 UV254. Total koliform didapati melebihi standard kualiti air mentah dengan kepekatan purata 1.5x104 MPN/100 mL. Nilai purata UV254 (0.03 cm-1) yang sama diperolehi bagi air dari RBF dan LBWTP. Pada masa yang sama, tahap DOC yang lebih tinggi diukur dari air terawat (1.6 mg / L) berbanding RBF (0.81 mg / L). Untuk bio-koloid, tiada E. coli dikesan dalam air dari RBF, namun bakteria koliform masih hadir. Kepekatan parameter lain juga telah berkurangan kecuali Fe dan Mn. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa air yang diambil dari RBF masih memerlukan rawatan lanjut bagi memastikan air tersebut selamat dan bersih untuk kegunaan manusia. Kajian terhadap ciri Zeliac menunjukkan bahawa bahan penjerap ini mempunyai 40.6 m2/g luas permukaan dan 16.5 nm purata saiz liang. Kewujudan Ca, Si dan Al menjadikan Zeliac sebagai penukar kation yang baik. Di samping itu, kumpulan hidroksil dan karboksil membuktikan bahawa Zeliac dapat menarik bahan pencemar ion positif dan pada masa yang sama, kumpulan karbonil dapat membantu dalam penjerapan karbon organik. Berdasarkan, kajian isoterma dan kinetik, penyingkiran bahan pencemar dikawal oleh penjerapan ke permukaan heterogen melalui perkongsian antara bahan atau pertukaran ion. Pada dos optimum 7 g per 100 mL sampel, kecekapan penyingkiran UV254, warna dan NH3-N masing-masing adalah 72.8% (0.129-0.035 cm-1), 78.6% (42-9 PtCo) dan 77.1% (0.70-0.16 mg/L). Dalam eksperimen penjerapan turus, perbezaan saiz butiran Zeliac didapati tidak memberikan kesan yang signifikan terhadap prestasi penyingkiran. Titik bolos untuk UV254 dan bio-koloid masing-masing berlaku pada 103 dan 31 jam pada kadar beban hidraulik 1 cm/min. Hasil ini menunjukkan prestasi Zeliac yang baik dalam menyingkirkan sebatian organik dan ionik dalam sumber air minuman serta keupayaannya sebagai media penapis alternatif dalam RBF. _______________________________________________________________________ An increase of NOM in river water is a concern as it is the main precursor to health hazard disinfection by-products (DBPs) in conventional drinking water treatment system. River bank filtration (RBF) is a good option to reduce surface water pollution and overcome water shortage problem especially during extreme weather events such as droughts and floods. Therefore, this study aims to reduce the possibility of DBPs formation by controlling the level of NOM and treating it together with bio-colloids and ionic pollutant by composite adsorbent Zeliac in RBF. Water quality monitoring study shows that NOM in Kerian River recorded an average of 3.6 mg/L DOC and 0.10 cm-1 UV254. Total coliform exceeded the raw water quality standard with an average concentration of 1.5x104 MPN/100 mL. The same mean level of UV254 (0.03 cm-1) was determined in the water from RBF and LBWTP. Meanwhile, higher level of DOC measured from final treated water (1.6 mg/L) than RBF (0.81 mg/L). For bio-colloids in RBF, no E. coli was present but total coliform was still detected in the water. Other determined parameters were also reduced except for Fe and Mn. This finding signifies the water abstracted from RBF well still requires further treatment to ensure the water is safe and clean for human consumption. The characteristics study of Zeliac shows that the adsorbent has a surface area of 40.6 m2/g and average pore size of 16.5 nm. The existence of Ca, Si and Al makes Zeliac a good cations exchanger. In addition, hydroxyl and carboxyl groups proved that Zeliac can attract positive ions or anionic organic pollutants depending on the water sample acidity. According to the equilibrium and kinetic study, the removal of pollutants was controlled by multilayer adsorption onto heterogeneous surface of Zeliac. At optimum dosage of 7 g per 100 mL sample, the removal efficiency of UV254, colour and NH3-N were 72.8% (0.129 – 0.035 cm-1), 78.6% (42 - 9 PtCo) and 77.1% (0.70 – 0.16 mg/L), respectively. In column adsorption experiments, it was found that granular size of Zeliac gave no significant effect to the removal performance. The break point for UV254 and bio-colloids occurred at 103 and 31 hours of experiment respectively at hydraulic loading rate of 1 cm/min. These results show a good performance of Zeliac in removing both organic and ionic compounds in drinking water source as well as its capability as an alternative filter media in the RBF.
Contributor(s):
Nurazim Ibrahim - Author
Primary Item Type:
Thesis
Identifiers:
Accession Number : 875008902
Language:
English
Subject Keywords:
acidity; bio-colloids; DOC
Sponsor - Description:
Pusat pengajian Kejuruteraan Awam -
First presented to the public:
1/1/2018
Original Publication Date:
9/22/2020
Previously Published By:
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Place Of Publication:
School of Civil Engineering
Citation:
Extents:
Number of Pages - 319
License Grantor / Date Granted:
  / ( View License )
Date Deposited
2020-09-22 15:39:54.951
Submitter:
Mohamed Yunus Yusof

All Versions

Thumbnail Name Version Created Date
Utilization of zeliac as an alternative adsorbent to remove low level concentration of nom in riverbank filtration / Nurazim Ibrahim1 2020-09-22 15:39:54.951