Pemekatan polifenol dan flavonoid yang diekstrak daripada propolis telah dijalankan menggunakan ultrafiltrasi dan nanofiltrasi. Tiga membran yang berbeza iaitu UF, Starmem122 dan NF270 telah digunakan untuk mengkaji kesan tekanan operasi dan kepekatan suapan awal pada fluks meresap dan penolakan sebatian. Selain itu, mekanisme fouling semasa penapisan membran dikaji dan ditentukan dengan menggunakan model penyekat liang: Model Hermia. Tekanan operasi yang lebih tinggi meningkatkan fluks meresap serta penolakan sebatian. Bagi kepekatan suapan awal, kepekatan yang lebih rendah memberi prestasi penapisan yang lebih baik. NF270 menunjukkan prestasi terbaik antara tiga membran dalam pemekatan propolis dengan penolakan fenolik sebatian yang tertinggi iaitu 86% dan penolakan flavonoid iaitu 88%. Dari aspek ekonomi, NF270 menunjukkan fluks meresap lebih tinggi daripada Starmem122 yang boleh dianggap sebagai pilihan yang baik bagi memekatkan propolis.
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The concentration of the total polyphenol and flavonoids extracted from the propolis was performed by using ultrafiltration and nanofiltration. Three different membranes which are UF, Starmem122 and NF270 were used to study the effect of the operating pressure and initial feed concentration on the permeate flux and the rejection of the compounds. Furthermore, the fouling mechanisms during the membrane filtration were studied and determined using pore blocking model: Hermia’s model. Higher operating pressure increases the permeate flux as well as the compounds rejection. For initial feed concentration, lower concentration is favored for better filtration performance. NF270 shows the best performance in concentrating the propolis among the three membranes with the highest phenolic compounds rejection up to 86% and flavonoids rejection up to 88%. In term of economy feasibility, it shows higher permeate flux than that of Starmem122 which can be considered as a good choice in concentrating the propolis.
Filtration and flux decline study of brazilian green propolis / Yvonne Lease