Thermal radiation is electromagnetic (EM) energy emitted by a body as a result of its temperature. Electromagnetic radiation is characterized by its wavelength, i.e., the distance between two successive crests of the wave. Some parts of visible spectrum to y rays characterized by short wavelength carry higher energy (and thus, penetrable into c...

The applications for sol gel-derived products are abundant and growing. One of the largest application areas is in thin films for use as protective coatings, sensors, filters or decorative layers. The films can be formed on a substrate by spin-coating, dip-coating, spraying, electrophoresis, inkjet printing or roll coating. The sol can be cast ...